Question 1

The movement of water and electrolytes between fluid compartments is regulated primarily by

Accepted Answer

A)   diffusion and osmosis.
B)   hydrostatic and osmotic pressure.
C)   pinocytosis and phagocytosis.
D)   active and passive transport.
E)   diet and weather.F) C) and E)
G) B) and E) B

Question 2

Which of the following includes the greatest volume of total body water?

Accepted Answer

A)   transcellular fluid
B)   blood
C)   extracellular fluid
D)   intracellular fluid
E)   lymphF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 3

A hormone secreted by the ________ regulates the concentration of sodium and potassium ions in extracellular fluid.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A hormone secreted by the ________ regulates...

Question 4

Ingestion of too much sodium bicarbonate to relieve indigestion may lead to

Accepted Answer

A)   respiratory acidosis.
B)   respiratory alkalosis.
C)   metabolic acidosis.
D)   metabolic alkalosis.
E)   sodium imbalance.F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 5

Any factor that alters water balance will also alter electrolyte balance.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Drinking alcohol produces its diuretic effect by

Accepted Answer

A)   inhibiting the release of ADH.
B)   promoting the release of ADH.
C)   inhibiting the reabsorption of sodium.
D)   promoting the reabsorption of sodium.
E)   adding sodium to the circulation.F) D) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 7

Hyperventilation leads to

Accepted Answer

A)   respiratory acidosis.
B)   respiratory alkalosis.
C)   metabolic acidosis.
D)   metabolic alkalosis.
E)   emphysema.F) D) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 8

Normally,fluid enters the lymphatic capillaries as a result of active transport.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Water intoxication is caused by

Accepted Answer

A)   hypertonic extracellular fluid.
B)   hypotonic extracellular fluid.
C)   hypotonic intracellular fluid.
D)   isotonic intracellular fluid.
E)   hypertonic intracellular fluid.F) A) and D)
G) B) and C) B

Question 10

As body fluids become more alkaline,neurons become

Accepted Answer

A)   depressed.
B)   excitable.
C)   paralyzed.
D)   polarized.
E)   less sensitive.F) A) and C)
G) B) and C)

Question 11

The kidneys help to regulate the hydrogen ion concentration of body fluids by altering the rate at which hydrogen ions are excreted.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 12

The greatest loss of fluid and electrolytes normally occurs as a result of ________ function.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The greatest loss of fluid and electrolytes...

Question 13

Intracellular fluids have high concentrations of

Accepted Answer

A)   chloride and potassium.
B)   sodium and phosphate.
C)   potassium and phosphate.
D)   sodium and chloride.
E)   bicarbonate.F) C) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 14

The hormone aldosterone promotes the

Accepted Answer

A)   reabsorption of sodium.
B)   secretion of sodium.
C)   reabsorption of potassium.
D)   secretion of calcium.
E)   excretion of sodium.F) C) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 15

The primary regulator of water intake is the mechanism of ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The primary regulator of water intake is...

Question 16

A person who is severely dehydrated is likely to have a high fever because

Accepted Answer

A)   water is needed for body temperature regulation.
B)   the blood pressure is increased.
C)   the blood volume is decreased.
D)   waste products have accumulated.
E)   the skin is dry.F) B) and C)
G) C) and E)

Question 17

Which of the following metabolic processes releases hydrogen ions into body fluids?

Accepted Answer

A)   anaerobic respiration of glucose
B)   incomplete oxidation of fatty acids
C)   oxidation of sulfur-containing amino acids
D)   aerobic respiration of glucose
E)   all of the aboveF) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 18

The intracellular fluid compartment includes all water and electrolytes in the ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The intracellular fluid compartment includes all water...

Question 19

Prolonged vomiting,in which only the stomach contents are lost,leads to

Accepted Answer

A)   respiratory acidosis.
B)   respiratory alkalosis.
C)   metabolic acidosis.
D)   metabolic alkalosis.
E)   a decreased pH.F) All of the above
G) B) and C)

Question 20

Water balance and electrolyte balance are interdependent because

Accepted Answer

A)   water dissolves in electrolytes.
B)   water and electrolytes are both in an ionic state in the blood.
C)   both form ions in blood.
D)   electrolytes are dissolved in water.
E)   none of the above.F) A) and D)
G) A) and B)

Exam 18: Water, electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

The movement of water and electrolytes between fluid compartments is regulated primarily by

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Which of the following includes the greatest volume of total body water?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A hormone secreted by the ________ regulates the concentration of sodium and potassium ions in extracellular fluid.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Ingestion of too much sodium bicarbonate to relieve indigestion may lead to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Any factor that alters water balance will also alter electrolyte balance.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Drinking alcohol produces its diuretic effect by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Hyperventilation leads to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Normally,fluid enters the lymphatic capillaries as a result of active transport.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Water intoxication is caused by

Correct AnswerverifiedB

As body fluids become more alkaline,neurons become

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The kidneys help to regulate the hydrogen ion concentration of body fluids by altering the rate at which hydrogen ions are excreted.

Correct AnswerverifiedTrue

The greatest loss of fluid and electrolytes normally occurs as a result of ________ function.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Intracellular fluids have high concentrations of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The hormone aldosterone promotes the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The primary regulator of water intake is the mechanism of ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A person who is severely dehydrated is likely to have a high fever because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following metabolic processes releases hydrogen ions into body fluids?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The intracellular fluid compartment includes all water and electrolytes in the ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Prolonged vomiting,in which only the stomach contents are lost,leads to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Water balance and electrolyte balance are interdependent because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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True

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