Question 1

What cell wall inhibiting drug is used in cases of penicillin and methicillin resistance?

Accepted Answer

A)   Penicillin G
B)   Vancomycin
C)   Tetracycline
D)   Erythromycin
E)   IsoniazidF) A) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 2

Mebendazole is a drug used to treat ________ infections.

Accepted Answer

A)   bacterial
B)   fungal
C)   protozoan
D)   helminthic
E)   viralF) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 3

Aminoglycosides ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   interfere with elongation of peptidoglycan
B)   block folic acid synthesis
C)   attach to the 30S ribosomal subunit and disrupt protein synthesis
D)   damage cell membranes
E)   block peptidases that cross-link glycan moleculesF) C) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 4

Which of the following is not a mode of action of antiviral drugs?

Accepted Answer

A)   Block penetration
B)   Block transcription and translation
C)   Inhibit DNA synthesis
D)   Block maturation
E)   Bond to ergosterol in the cell membraneF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 5

The ________ are drugs that deposit in developing teeth and cause a permanent brown discoloration.

Accepted Answer

A)   streptomycins
B)   cephalosporins
C)   macrolides
D)   tetracyclines
E)   penicillinsF) B) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 6

Based upon the patient's history, what is the most likely cause of the superinfection?

Accepted Answer

A)   Poor hygiene
B)   Long-term antibiotic therapy
C)   Fecal-oral contamination
D)   Community-acquired MRSAE) All of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 7

The multidrug-resistant pumps in many bacterial cell membranes function by ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   bacterial chromosomal mutations
B)   synthesis of enzymes that alter drug structure
C)   removing the drug from the cell when it enters
D)   alteration of drug receptors on cell targets
E)   All of the choices are correct.F) All of the above
G) B) and E)

Question 8

Following the teaching to patients and families, the RN assesses understanding prior to obtaining consent. Which of the following demonstrates a lack of understanding by the patient?

Accepted Answer

A)   Probiotics are live microorganisms.
B)   Probiotics are nutrients to encourage microbe growth.
C)   Probiotics augment the microbes in the intestine.
D)   Probiotics can replace microbes killed during antibiotic therapy.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 9

Drugs with high selective toxicity include ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   ampicillin and bacitracin
B)   amphotericin B and fluconazole
C)   mebendazole and albendazole
D)   quinine and metronidazoleE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 10

It is better to use a broad-spectrum drug instead of a more specific narrow-spectrum drug.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

There are fewer antifungal, antiprotozoan, and antihelminth drugs compared to antibacterial drugs because fungi, protozoa, and helminths ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   do not cause many human infections
B)   are not affected by antimicrobials
C)   are so similar to human cells that drug selective toxicity is difficult
D)   are parasites found inside human cells
E)   have cells with fewer target sites compared to bacteriaF) B) and C)
G) None of the above

Question 12

The antifungal drug that can be injected to treat serious systemic fungal infections, like histoplasmosis, is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   nystatin
B)   griseofulvin
C)   amphotericin B
D)   sulfa drugs
E)   metronidazoleF) D) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 13

What type of chemical will allow some bacteria to be resistant to many penicillins?

Accepted Answer

A)   Synercid
B)   Penicillinase
C)   Aztreonam
D)   Clavulanic acid
E)   ImipenemF) A) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 14

A chemical that inhibits beta-lactamase enzymes is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   synercid
B)   penicillinase
C)   aztreonam
D)   clavulanic acid
E)   imipenemF) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

Question 15

An antimicrobial with a low therapeutic index is a safer choice compared to a drug with a high therapeutic index.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

You provide education to the patient regarding sulfasoxazole, a sulfonamide that targets folic acid synthesis. The synthesis of which of the following products is affected by inhibition of folate metabolism?

Accepted Answer

A)   DNA
B)   RNA
C)   DNA and RNA
D)   DNA, RNA, and amino acidsE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 17

An example of an antibacterial drug with high selective toxicity would be one that ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   targets the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall
B)   targets the permeability of the cell membrane
C)   targets DNA replication
D)   targets RNA transcriptionE) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 18

The drug used for several protozoan infections is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   nystatin
B)   griseofulvin
C)   amphotericin B
D)   sulfa drugs
E)   metronidazoleF) A) and B)
G) A) and D)

Question 19

In the lab, the urine specimen is spread on an agar plate with antibiotic discs placed to determine antimicrobial susceptibility. Following incubation, the clear area around each disc is measured. What term describes the observed area of antimicrobial action around each disc?

Accepted Answer

A)   Zone of inhibition
B)   Zone of susceptibility
C)   Zone of resistance
D)   No growth zoneE) C) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 20

The use of a drug to prevent a person at risk of an imminent infection is called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   competitive inhibition
B)   synergism
C)   prebiotics
D)   prophylaxis
E)   lantibioticsF) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Exam 10: Antimicrobial Treatment

Which of the following is not a mode of action of antiviral drugs?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Following the teaching to patients and families, the RN assesses understanding prior to obtaining consent. Which of the following demonstrates a lack of understanding by the patient?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What cell wall inhibiting drug is used in cases of penicillin and methicillin resistance?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

There are fewer antifungal, antiprotozoan, and antihelminth drugs compared to antibacterial drugs because fungi, protozoa, and helminths ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What type of chemical will allow some bacteria to be resistant to many penicillins?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The antifungal drug that can be injected to treat serious systemic fungal infections, like histoplasmosis, is ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An antimicrobial with a low therapeutic index is a safer choice compared to a drug with a high therapeutic index.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Aminoglycosides ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Drugs with high selective toxicity include ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The use of a drug to prevent a person at risk of an imminent infection is called ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mebendazole is a drug used to treat ________ infections.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The drug used for several protozoan infections is ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the lab, the urine specimen is spread on an agar plate with antibiotic discs placed to determine antimicrobial susceptibility. Following incubation, the clear area around each disc is measured. What term describes the observed area of antimicrobial action around each disc?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You provide education to the patient regarding sulfasoxazole, a sulfonamide that targets folic acid synthesis. The synthesis of which of the following products is affected by inhibition of folate metabolism?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The multidrug-resistant pumps in many bacterial cell membranes function by ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Based upon the patient's history, what is the most likely cause of the superinfection?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The ________ are drugs that deposit in developing teeth and cause a permanent brown discoloration.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A chemical that inhibits beta-lactamase enzymes is ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

It is better to use a broad-spectrum drug instead of a more specific narrow-spectrum drug.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An example of an antibacterial drug with high selective toxicity would be one that ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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