Question 1

The primers in PCR are ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   synthetic short strands of DNA (oligonucleotides) 
B)   bacterial enzymes
C)   short RNA strands
D)   DNA polymerases
E)   reverse transcriptasesF) C) and D)
G) None of the above

Question 2

Bacterial conjugation involves ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   bacteriophage carrying donor DNA to the recipient cell
B)   a donor cell with a plasmid that synthesizes a pilus
C)   naked DNA fragments from a lysed donor cell taken up by a recipient cell
D)   new progeny cells with genes from two parent bacterial cells
E)   None of the choices are correct.F) A) and D)
G) B) and D)

Question 3

EcoRI and HindIII are ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   palindromes
B)   reverse transcriptase
C)   restriction endonucleases
D)   ligases
E)   DNA polymerasesF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 4

Which PCR step causes the denaturation of double-stranded DNA?

Accepted Answer

A)   Add DNA polymerase and nucleotides at 72°C
B)   Cool DNA to between 50°C and 65°C
C)   Add primers
D)   Heat target DNA to 94°C
E)   Repeat the cycle of heating and coolingF) A) and B)
G) C) and E)

Question 5

Synthetic biology is an emerging field of science whereby researchers are creating new molecules and organisms from an array of chemicals, rather than as a result of cellular reproduction.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Each nucleotide is composed of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   one phosphate, one nitrogenous base, and one sugar
B)   one phosphate, one nitrogenous base, and two sugars
C)   two phosphates, one nitrogenous base, and one sugar
D)   two phosphates, one nitrogenous base, and two sugars
E)   one phosphate, two nitrogenous bases, and one sugarF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 7

Viruses are often used as cloning hosts in recombinant DNA methods.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

The ________ is all of the genetic material of a cell.

Accepted Answer

A)   chromosome
B)   plasmid
C)   prophage
D)   genome
E)   proteomeF) C) and D)
G) C) and E)

Question 9

The duplication of a cell's DNA is called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   mitosis
B)   replication
C)   transcription
D)   translation
E)   mutationF) A) and C)
G) None of the above

Question 10

Split genes ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   are common in bacteria and eukaryotes
B)   only have exons initially transcribed to mRNA
C)   have introns located only at the beginning and end of a coding region
D)   use spliceosomes to excise introns and then join exons
E)   All of the choices are correct.F) A) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 11

Lactose is a corepressor in the lac operon.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Eukaryotic chromosomes differ from bacterial chromosomes because only eukaryotes have ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   histone proteins
B)   chromosomes in a nucleus
C)   several to many chromosomes
D)   elongated, not circular, chromosomes
E)   All of the choices are correctF) B) and C)
G) C) and E)

Question 13

DNA Polymerase III ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   synthesizes primer
B)   removes primer
C)   joins Okazaki fragments
D)   unzips the DNA helix
E)   adds new bases and proofreads new DNAF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 14

The size of DNA is often given in the number of ________ that it contains.

Accepted Answer

A)   genes
B)   codons
C)   base pairs
D)   proteins
E)   tripletsF) C) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 15

Which of the following statements applies to both DNA and RNA?

Accepted Answer

A)   The molecule is synthesized in the 5'-3' direction when a polymerase adds a nucleotide onto the 3' end of the existing polymer.
B)   The molecule is synthesized in the 5'-3' direction when a polymerase adds a nucleotide onto the 3' end of the existing polymer, creating a bond between the phosphate group and the ribose.
C)   The molecule is synthesized in the 5'-3' direction when a polymerase adds A, T C, and G nucleotides onto the 3' end of the existing polymer.
D)   The molecule is synthesized in the 5'-3' direction then, on completion, the single strand folds to form secondary and tertiary level structures.E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 16

The gene that codes for a protein capable of repressing an operon is called the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   operator
B)   structural locus
C)   regulator
D)   promoter
E)   terminatorF) B) and C)
G) B) and D)

Question 17

Okazaki fragments are attached to the growing end of the lagging strand by ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   DNA ligases
B)   DNA polymerases
C)   DNA helicases
D)   DNA gyrases
E)   primasesF) A) and B)
G) All of the above

Question 18

Gene regulation can involve a protein repressor that blocks ________ from initiating transcription.

Accepted Answer

A)   DNA polymerase I
B)   DNA polymerase III
C)   RNA polymerase
D)   mRNA
E)   rRNAF) None of the above
G) A) and D)

Question 19

In recombinant DNA technique, what enzyme is needed to seal the sticky ends of genes into plasmids or chromosomes?

Accepted Answer

A)   DNA polymerase I
B)   DNA polymerase II
C)   DNA helicase
D)   DNA ligase
E)   PrimaseF) B) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 20

If the mRNA codon for alanine is GCA, then the correct anticodon would be ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   GCA
B)   CGT
C)   ACG
D)   CGU
E)   UGCF) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

Exam 8: Microbial Genetics and Genetic Engineering

The ________ is all of the genetic material of a cell.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The primers in PCR are ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The gene that codes for a protein capable of repressing an operon is called the ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Each nucleotide is composed of ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

EcoRI and HindIII are ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements applies to both DNA and RNA?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In recombinant DNA technique, what enzyme is needed to seal the sticky ends of genes into plasmids or chromosomes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Okazaki fragments are attached to the growing end of the lagging strand by ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Eukaryotic chromosomes differ from bacterial chromosomes because only eukaryotes have ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Synthetic biology is an emerging field of science whereby researchers are creating new molecules and organisms from an array of chemicals, rather than as a result of cellular reproduction.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If the mRNA codon for alanine is GCA, then the correct anticodon would be ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Bacterial conjugation involves ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The size of DNA is often given in the number of ________ that it contains.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Lactose is a corepressor in the lac operon.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Viruses are often used as cloning hosts in recombinant DNA methods.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which PCR step causes the denaturation of double-stranded DNA?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The duplication of a cell's DNA is called ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

DNA Polymerase III ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Gene regulation can involve a protein repressor that blocks ________ from initiating transcription.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Split genes ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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