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The term___________________matter represents a group of solid particles and liquid droplets that are small enough to remain suspended in the air.​

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How does the EPA indicate the air quality in a particular region? Explain this system.

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To indicate the air quality in a particu...

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Air pollutants can come from both natural sources and human activities.​

A) True
B) False

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Atmospheric stagnation is a condition normally brought on by ____.


A) gusty winds behind a cold front
B) light winds and poor vertical mixing
C) ​overcast skies
D) ​tall buildings in a city
E) ​movement of an upper level trough overhead

F) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

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The greenhouse gas carbon dioxide (CO₂)is not covered by the Clean Air Act.​

A) True
B) False

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The main component of photochemical smog is ____.


A) ozone
B) carbon monoxide
C) ​sulfur dioxide
D) ​chlorofluorocarbons
E) ​volatile organic compounds

F) B) and D)
G) A) and E)

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Explain the role wind plays in air pollution.

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Wind speed plays a role in diluting pollution.When vast quantities of pollutants are spewed into the air,the wind speed determines how quickly the pollutants mix with the surrounding air and,of course,how fast they move away from their source.Strong winds tend to lower the concentration of pollutants by spreading them apart as they move downstream.This process of spreading is called dispersion.Moreover,the stronger the wind,the more turbulent the air.Turbulent air produces swirling eddies that dilute the pollutants by mixing them with the cleaner surrounding air.Hence,when the wind dies down,pollutants are not readily dispersed,and they tend to become more concentrated.

The region of relatively unstable air that extends from the surface to the base of an inversion is referred to as the____________________.​

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mixing layer​

What gas is produced naturally in the stratosphere and is also a primary component of photochemical smog in polluted air at the surface?


A) carbon dioxide
B) carbon monoxide
C) ​ozone
D) ​nitrogen dioxide
E) ​hydrocarbons

F) All of the above
G) A) and C)

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Photochemical smog is also termed ____.


A) London-type smog
B) subsidence smog
C) ​mixing layer smog
D) ​sea breeze smog
E) ​Los Angeles-type smog

F) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

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E

In cities,where less vegetation and exposed soil exists,the majority of the Sun's energy is absorbed by ____.


A) cloud cover
B) city parks
C) ​the greater number of people
D) ​buildings
E) ​urban structures and asphalt

F) C) and D)
G) B) and D)

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Ozone,PAN,and small amounts of other oxidating pollutants are the ingredients of photochemical smog and grouped under a single heading called ____.


A) NOx compounds
B) volatile organic compounds
C) ​hydrocarbons
D) ​radicals
E) ​photochemical oxidants

F) C) and D)
G) None of the above

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98What is atmospheric stagnation and when might it occur?

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Light winds and poor vertical mixing can...

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The cost of damage to building surfaces,monuments,and other structures caused by acid deposition is estimated to run into the ____ of dollars each year.


A) thousands
B) hundreds of thousands
C) ​millions
D) ​billions
E) ​trillions

F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

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____ ecosystems seem to be particularly sensitive to changes in acidity.


A) Freshwater
B) Marine
C) ​Forest
D) ​Grassland
E) ​Alpine

F) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

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Volatile organic compounds (VOCs)represent a class of organic compounds that are mainly____________________,containing only hydrogen and carbon.

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Describe how the semipermanent Pacific high off the coast of California contributes to air pollution in that region.

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The position of the semipermanent Pacifi...

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Studies suggest that downwind of a large industrial area ____.


A) average annual precipitation can increase
B) higher surface temperatures are observed
C) ​pollutants are more concentrated than in the city
D) ​average annual precipitation can decrease
E) aerosols resulting from pollution inhibit heat transfer

F) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

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To indicate the air quality in a particular region,the EPA developed the____________________,which includes the pollutants carbon monoxide,sulfur dioxide,nitrogen dioxide,particulate matter,and ozone.​

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air qualit...

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Discuss the role of topography in air pollution.

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The shape of the landscape (topography)p...

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