Question 1

Why don't new biological macromolecules form abiotically from nonliving matter on the Earth today?

Accepted Answer

A)   The special environmental conditions that are required do not exist.
B)   There are not enough of the various elements needed.
C)   There is not enough available energy.
D)   There is no need for biological macromolecules.
E)   Biological macromolecules do arise abioticallybut are quickly consumed by organisms.F) B) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 2

In the infamous anthrax attacks of 2001, several letters were received at the offices of two U.S. senators and various news media outlets. The letters contained dry granular or powdery material. Seventeen people who came into contact with the material from the letters suffered anthrax infections; five more died of anthrax. How could dried-out material cause anthrax?

Accepted Answer

A)   Anthrax bacteria are acellular infectious particles. When they came into contact with living hosts, they entered the hosts' cells, took over their metabolic machinery, and caused them to produce more bacteria.
B)   Anthrax bacteria can form endospores under harsh environmental conditions. The material in the letters contained endospores of anthrax bacteria, which germinated and grew in the more favorable environment of the victims' bodies.
C)   Anthrax bacteria can form endospores in order to reproduce. A few active bacteria in the letters started to produce enormous numbers of endospores upon contact with the anthrax victims.
D)   Anthrax endospores are highly motile by flagella. When the endospores came into contact with human hosts, they swarmed into the bodies of their victims.
E)   None of the choices are correct.F) None of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 3

Which group of algae are associated with red tide?

Accepted Answer

A)   red algae
B)   green algae
C)   brown algae
D)   diatoms
E)   dinoflagellatesF) A) and D)
G) C) and D) E

Question 4

Bacteria that secrete digestive enzymes into their surroundings in order to decompose nonliving organic matter are called

Accepted Answer

A)   chemoautotrophs.
B)   symbiotes.
C)   saprotrophs.
D)   parasites.
E)   photoautotrophs.F) A) and C)
G) A) and D)

Question 5

What feature enables the paramecium to move?

Accepted Answer

A)   cilia
B)   contractile vacuole
C)   flagella
D)   nucleus
E)   pseudopodiaF) All of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 6

Which is the correct order of events in the lytic cycle of a bacteriophage?

Accepted Answer

A)   attachment - penetration - biosynthesis - maturation - release
B)   integration - penetration - biosynthesis - maturation - release
C)   attachment - integration - biosynthesis - maturation - release
D)   attachment - biosynthesis - maturation - release
E)   penetration - attachment - biosynthesis - release - maturationF) A) and E)
G) D) and E)

Question 7

Cyanobacteria are important producers, more specifically called

Accepted Answer

A)   photoautotrophs.
B)   saprotrophs.
C)   chemoautotrophs.
D)   saproautotrophs.
E)   photoheterotrophs.F) D) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 8

The _____of a virus is enclosed by a _____capsid.

Accepted Answer

A)   nucleic acid; protein
B)   membrane; protein
C)   nucleic acid; membrane
D)   protein; nucleic acid
E)   RNA; DNAF) B) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 9

Archaea

Accepted Answer

A)   have plasma membranes but lack cell walls.
B)   have plasma membranes, and most have cell walls.
C)   lack plasma membranes, but most have cell walls.
D)   have neither plasma membranes nor cell walls.
E)   have double plasma membranes and no cell walls.F) A) and C)
G) B) and C)

Question 10

Retroviruses

Accepted Answer

A)   contain DNA.
B)   contain the enzyme reverse transcriptase.
C)   produce RNA from DNA.
D)   only invade plants.
E)   produce protein directly from DNA.F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 11

What would you most likely call a long chain of bacterial cells that are spherical in shape?

Accepted Answer

A)   Streptococcus
B)   Staphylococcus
C)   Streptobacillus
D)   Diplococcus
E)   StreptospirillumF) All of the above
G) A) and D)

Question 12

Without bacteria in the environment,

Accepted Answer

A)   adequate amounts of carbon would not be available to living organisms.
B)   plants would not be able to grow due to lack of nitrogen.
C)   bioremediation would have limited use as a tool to clean up pollutants.
D)   there would be a shortage of decomposer organisms.
E)   All of the choices are correct.F) A) and E)
G) C) and E)

Question 13

All of the following are true statements about algae except

Accepted Answer

A)   algae are eukaryotes.
B)   algae are photoautotrophs.
C)   algae are producers.
D)   algae were once classified as plants.
E)   most algae have some form of locomotion.F) A) and C)
G) A) and B) E

Question 14

Protists can be

Accepted Answer

A)   unicellular only.
B)   unicellular or colonial, but not multicellular.
C)   colonial only.
D)   colonial or multicellular, but not unicellular.
E)   unicellular, colonial, or multicellular.F) A) and B)
G) None of the above

Question 15

You take a large sample of soil and divide it among individual pots. You then separate the pots into two groups. In the first group, every pot of soil has been sterilized. In the second group, none of the pots of soil have been sterilized. You plant soybean seeds in all the pots. What would you expect to see as the seeds sprout and grow?

Accepted Answer

A)   The plants growing in the sterile soil are bigger because they have not been exposed to any bacteria.
B)   The plants growing in the non-sterile soil are bigger because they have mutualistic associations with nitrogen-fixing bacteria.
C)   The plants growing in the sterile soil are bigger because they do not have to compete with nitrogen-fixing bacteria in order to obtain usable nitrogen.
D)   The plants growing in the non-sterile soil are bigger because saprotrophic bacteria produce nutrients for them.
E)   There is no difference in size between the plants growing in the sterile soil and those in the non-sterile soil.F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 16

Cell-like structures that may have resulted from macromolecular self-assembly are referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)   prokaryotes.
B)   protocells.
C)   protoypes.
D)   archaea.
E)   protists.F) D) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 17

Which of these is mismatched?

Accepted Answer

A)   malaria - protozoan
B)   AIDS - virus
C)   kuru - prion
D)   tetanus - bacterium
E)   food poisoning - archaeaF) None of the above
G) A) and E)

Question 18

Which of the following structures would enable a plant virus to move from one plant cell to the next?

Accepted Answer

A)   plasmodesmata
B)   vesicles
C)   vacuoles
D)   gap junctions
E)   recognition proteinsF) B) and D)
G) D) and E) A

Question 19

Which of these is mismatched?

Accepted Answer

A)   cilia - bacteria
B)   flagella - bacteria
C)   pseudopods - slime molds
D)   flagella - Euglena
E)   pseudopods - amoebasF) B) and E)
G) C) and E)

Question 20

Your task as a researcher is to develop a new drug to prevent retrovirus infections in newly exposed individuals. Which of the means listed is likely to be the most effective?

Accepted Answer

A)   blocking enzyme action
B)   destroying the viral genome
C)   dissolving the capsid
D)   preventing conjugation
E)   disrupting the viral envelopeF) A) and E)
G) B) and C)

Exam 17: Viruses, Bacteria, and Protists

Why don't new biological macromolecules form abiotically from nonliving matter on the Earth today?

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Which group of algae are associated with red tide?

Correct Answer
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E

Bacteria that secrete digestive enzymes into their surroundings in order to decompose nonliving organic matter are called

Correct Answer
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What feature enables the paramecium to move?

Correct Answer
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Which is the correct order of events in the lytic cycle of a bacteriophage?

Correct Answer
verified

Cyanobacteria are important producers, more specifically called

Correct Answer
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The _of a virus is enclosed by a _capsid.

Correct Answer
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Archaea

Correct Answer
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Retroviruses

Correct Answer
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What would you most likely call a long chain of bacterial cells that are spherical in shape?

Correct Answer
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Without bacteria in the environment,

Correct Answer
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All of the following are true statements about algae except

Correct Answer
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E

Protists can be

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Cell-like structures that may have resulted from macromolecular self-assembly are referred to as

Correct Answer
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Which of these is mismatched?

Correct Answer
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Which of the following structures would enable a plant virus to move from one plant cell to the next?

Correct Answer
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A

Which of these is mismatched?

Correct Answer
verified

Your task as a researcher is to develop a new drug to prevent retrovirus infections in newly exposed individuals. Which of the means listed is likely to be the most effective?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 17: Viruses, Bacteria, and Protists

Why don't new biological macromolecules form abiotically from nonliving matter on the Earth today?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which group of algae are associated with red tide?

Correct AnswerverifiedE

Bacteria that secrete digestive enzymes into their surroundings in order to decompose nonliving organic matter are called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What feature enables the paramecium to move?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which is the correct order of events in the lytic cycle of a bacteriophage?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cyanobacteria are important producers, more specifically called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The _____of a virus is enclosed by a _____capsid.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Archaea

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Retroviruses

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What would you most likely call a long chain of bacterial cells that are spherical in shape?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Without bacteria in the environment,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All of the following are true statements about algae except

Correct AnswerverifiedE

Protists can be

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cell-like structures that may have resulted from macromolecular self-assembly are referred to as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of these is mismatched?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following structures would enable a plant virus to move from one plant cell to the next?

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Which of these is mismatched?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Your task as a researcher is to develop a new drug to prevent retrovirus infections in newly exposed individuals. Which of the means listed is likely to be the most effective?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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E

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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The _of a virus is enclosed by a _capsid.

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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E

Correct Answer
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A

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