FiltersDone

Question type

Essay

Multiple Choice

Short Answer

True False

Matching

Exam 15: The Environment, Consumption, and Climate Change

Show Answer

Share

---

All types

Filters

Study FlashcardsPractice ExamLearn

Question 31

Multiple Choice

Review LaterAdd Note

Review Later

In Baxter's view, the first and foremost step toward a solution of our environmental problems is a clear recognition that our objective is not pure air or water but rather

A) some optimal state of pollution
B) an overall maximally clean environment.
C) some maximal state of pollution.
D) the preservation of all living species.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Correct Answer

verified

Show Answer

Question 32

Multiple Choice

Review LaterAdd Note

Review Later

Biocentrism is the view that

A) the only beings that possess direct moral standing are human beings.
B) all and only sentient creatures have direct moral standing.
C) all living beings, because they are living, possess direct moral standing.
D) the primary bearers of direct moral standing are ecosystems in virtue of their functional integrity.

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Correct Answer

verified

Show Answer

Question 33

Short Answer

Review LaterAdd Note

One aspect of humility, what Hill calls _________, "involves acknowledging, in more than a merely intellectual way, that we are the sort of creatures we are."

Hourdequin argues against people do not act in ways that the framing of _________ action problems assume that they do.

_________ is the view that the only beings who possess direct moral standing are human beings and all other beings (living and nonliving) are of mere indirect moral concern.

Baxter defends an anthropocentric approach to ethical issues concerning the environment.

Suppose Nathan argues that while neither nonhuman nor nonsentient beings have direct moral standing, we still ought to have a certain noninstrumental regard for the environment because failing to do so involves a deficiency in one's moral character. Nathan is most likely applying what moral theory?

Baxter claims that his "very general way" of stating what we should strive for environmentally assumes that

"The major obstacle to humility . . . ," says Hill, "is _________, a tendency to measure the significance of everything by its relation to oneself."

Any ethic that accords direct moral standing to nonhuman creatures is an environmental ethic

Hourdequin argues that individual rationality is just a matter of preference satisfaction, irrespective of how one's actions effect other people.

Sinnott-Armstrong claims that it is morally better for individuals to not engage in activities like driving a gas-guzzling car just for fun.

An ethic for the use of the environment does not count as an environmental ethic, because it is consistent with anthropocentrism.

Baxter argues that to understand the true costs of pollution control we must first achieve an understanding of the difference between dollars and _________, where the latter, unlike dollars, is "the wealth of our nation" and "of vital importance."

According to Baxter's "spheres of _________" criterion, every person should be free to do whatever he or she wishes in contexts where his or her actions do not interfere with other human beings.

Ecoholism is the view that

Hill claims that it's possible to not regard an act as wrong while at the same time seeing it as reflecting something objectionable about the person who performed that act.

Gardiner believes that "temporal fragmentation" is much worse (for climate change) than the associated "spatial fragmentation."

Leopold claims that history has shown that "the conqueror role is eventually self-defeating." It is self-defeating, in this view, because

In Leopold's view, all ethics so far evolved rest upon the premise that the individual is a member of a community of interdependent parts.