A) are more likely to have hung verdicts.
B) encourage less balanced participation among jurors.
C) are less likely to embody a community's diversity.
D) All of the above
F) None of the above
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A) In the United States,Blacks are undervalued as victims
B) In the United States,a Black man who kills a White man is more likely to be sentenced to death than a White man who kills a Black man
C) When a defendant's race fits a crime stereotype mock jurors offer more negative verdicts
D) Whites who espouse nonprejudiced views are less likely to demonstrate racial bias in trials where race issues are not blatant
F) C) and D)
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A) say nothing about such inadmissible evidence to the jury.
B) remind the jury before the trial that the victim's previous sexual history is irrelevant.
C) only tell the jury that the evidence is inadmissible after the defense attempts to introduce it.
D) ask the defendant to refute any damaging evidence about her previous sexual history.
F) A) and D)
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A) unless their testimony was shown to be useless.
B) even when their testimony was discredited.
C) only if other evidence supported their story.
D) only if they were similar to those making the judgments.
F) C) and D)
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A) express more leniency.
B) be less open to information.
C) be harsher in sentencing.
D) be more susceptible to group polarization.
F) B) and D)
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A) more favorably.
B) without bias.
C) less favorably.
D) with a strong negative bias.
F) C) and D)
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A) allowed to summarize evidence on their own and create their own stories of the events.
B) attorneys present evidence in a narrative fashion.
C) viewing live versus videotaped witnesses.
D) they have heard about the case on TV before they became jurors.
F) B) and D)
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A) direct interview.
B) cognitive interview.
C) eyewitness interview.
D) verbal overshadowing.
F) A) and C)
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A) Confident eyewitnesses are more accurate than are uncertain eyewitnesses.
B) Eyewitnesses who remember many details are more accurate than those who don't.
C) Jurors are relatively skilled in distinguishing between accurate and inaccurate eyewitnesses.
D) The majority of convicted individuals later exonerated were victims of mistaken eyewitnesses.
F) B) and C)
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A) 98%;85%
B) 95%;50%
C) 87%;38%
D) 94%;60%
F) A) and B)
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A) An eyewitness's testimony about an event can be affected by how the questions about the event are worded.
B) Police instructions can affect an eyewitness's willingness to make an identification.
C) An eyewitness's perception and memory of an event may be impacted by his/her expectations.
D) Eye witnesses are more accurate when identifying members of their own race than members of other races.
F) B) and C)
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A) John,a 40-year-old plumber who once served a sentence for burglary
B) Todd,a 22-year-old college student who is a political liberal
C) Wilma,a 42-year-old mother of two who tends to be authoritarian
D) Rita,a 32-year-old television executive who opposes the death penalty
F) B) and D)
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C
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A) It makes the witness more confident but only if their recollection is accurate
B) It makes the witness more likely to make mistakes during actual testimony
C) It makes the witness more confident even when they are inaccurate
D) It makes the witness more likely to forget the smaller details of the incident they observed
F) None of the above
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Answers will vary
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A) Videotapes of actual juries indicate that juries are relatively unbiased.
B) Studies of ad hoc,simulated juries say little about the dynamics of actual juries.
C) A single person who favors a verdict that the other 11 jurors oppose wins the others over in 30% of all criminal trials,except for murder trials.
D) So-called death qualified juries tend to be less lenient than non-"death-qualified" juries.
F) None of the above
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D
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A) more convinced that the defendant was guilty.
B) more convinced that the evidence was insufficient to convict.
C) evenly split,with some convinced that he was guilty and others convinced that he was innocent.
D) split,with the minority favoring acquittal and the majority favoring conviction.
F) None of the above
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A) Retelling events accurately makes people less resistant to the misinformation effect.
B) Rehearsing answers before taking the witness stand decreases the confidence of those who are wrong.
C) Retelling events commits people to their recollections,accurate or not.
D) Retelling has no effect on memory.
F) C) and D)
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A) are not very confident about their memories.
B) cannot reliably separate real from false memories.
C) very rarely lie about their memories.
D) are unlikely to make false accusations.
F) None of the above
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A) 94
B) 58
C) 34
D) 5
F) A) and D)
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