Question 1

The term that refers to flagella at both poles is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  amphitrichous
B)  atrichous
C)  lophotrichous
D)  monotrichous
E)  peritrichousF) A) and B)
G) A) and D)

Question 2

Archaea do not have the typical peptidoglycan structure found in bacterial cell walls.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

The gram-positive cell wall is considered stronger than that of gram-negative cells since its hydrophobic outer membrane contains an endotoxin.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Iodine is the decolorizer in the Gram stain.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

A triage nurse in the ER begins the assessment of an elderly patient complaining of bloody diarrhea and severe stomach cramps. The patient has a fever of 104oF as well, and is showing signs of dehydration. IV fluids are administered while further workup of the patient continues.
-Gram staining reveals the presence of gram-negative bacilli in the patient's stool. The RN understands how this bacterium would cause the patient's spike in temperature. Which of the following is the correct explanation for this patient's fever?

Accepted Answer

A)  Gram-negative bacteria have a thick peptidoglycan layer which confers their ability to cause fever.
B)  Gram-negative bacteria have two periplasmic spaces,which enhance their ability to cause fever.
C)  Gram-negative bacteria have porin proteins in their outer membrane,which confer their ability to cause fever.
D)  Gram-negative bacteria have lipopolysaccharide in their outer membrane,and the lipid portion confers their ability to cause fever.E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 6

Which of the following is not a phenotypic trait of bacteria?

Accepted Answer

A)  rRNA sequencing
B)  Shape
C)  Growth pattern in a culture medium
D)  Biochemical reaction
E)  All of these are phenotypic traits.F) A) and C)
G) B) and E)

Question 7

If bacteria living in salty seawater were displaced to a freshwater environment,the cell structure that would prevent the cells from rupturing is the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  endospore
B)  cell wall
C)  cell membrane
D)  capsule
E)  slime layerF) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 8

A flagellum is anchored into the bacterial cell envelope by its ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  hook
B)  outer membrane
C)  filament
D)  sheath
E)  basal bodyF) A) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 9

The cell envelope of gram-positive bacteria has two layers: a thick cell wall and the cell membrane.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

The organism Mycoplasma pneumoniae that causes "walking pneumonia" lacks a cell wall.  In which of the following taxonomic divisions is it classified?

Accepted Answer

A)  Tenericutes
B)  Mendosicutes
C)  Gracilicutes
D)  FirmicutesE) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 11

The term that refers to the presence of a tuft of flagella emerging from the same site is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  amphitrichous
B)  atrichous
C)  lophotrichous
D)  monotrichous
E)  peritrichousF) B) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 12

Which of the following does not pertain to endotoxin?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is a specific cell wall lipid
B)  It can stimulate fever in the human body
C)  It can cause septic shock in the human body
D)  It is involved in typhoid fever and some meningitis cases
E)  It is found in acid-fast bacterial cell wallsF) A) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 13

The difference in cell wall structure of Mycobacterium and Nocardia compared to the typical gram-positive bacterial cell wall structure is that they ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  contain more peptidoglycan
B)  have a predominance of unique,waxy lipids
C)  are easily decolorized
D)  contain lipopolysaccharide
E)  All of the choices are correct.F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 14

Alcohol-based compounds can weaken the outer membrane.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Each bacterial species represents a distinct organism that can produce viable offspring when mating with other bacteria of its kind.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Chemotaxis refers to the ability to ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  move in response to light
B)  move in response to a chemical
C)  not move in response to a chemical
D)  transport desired molecules into cells
E)  None of the choices is correct.F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 17

Which of the following is mismatched?

Accepted Answer

A)  Methanogens - convert CO₂ and H₂ gases into methane
B)  Extreme halophiles - adapted to salty habitats
C)  Psychrophiles - adapted to very low temperatures
D)  Hyperthermophile - adapted to high temperatures
E)  Thermoplasmas - adapted to frozen environmentsF) None of the above
G) A) and C)

Question 18

All bacterial cells have ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  one or more chromosomes
B)  one or more fimbriae
C)  the ability to produce endospores
D)  capsules
E)  flagellaF) B) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 19

Which order below reflects the correct procedure for Gram staining?

Accepted Answer

A)  Alcohol/acetone-crystal violet-safranin-iodine
B)  Crystal violet-alcohol/acetone-iodine-safranin
C)  Crystal violet-iodine-alcohol/acetone-safranin
D)  Iodine-safranin-crystal violet-alcohol/acetone
E)  Alcohol/acetone-safranin-crystal violet-iodineF) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 20

The enzyme ________,found in tears and saliva,can hydrolyze the bonds in the glycan chains of certain bacterial cell walls.

Accepted Answer

A)  penicillinase
B)  lysozyme
C)  peptidase
D)  All of the choices are correct.
E)  None of the choices are correct.F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Exam 3: Bacteria and Archaea

Which of the following is mismatched?

Correct Answer
verified

The term that refers to the presence of a tuft of flagella emerging from the same site is ________.

Correct Answer
verified

The gram-positive cell wall is considered stronger than that of gram-negative cells since its hydrophobic outer membrane contains an endotoxin.

Correct Answer
verified

Each bacterial species represents a distinct organism that can produce viable offspring when mating with other bacteria of its kind.

Correct Answer
verified

A flagellum is anchored into the bacterial cell envelope by its ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Chemotaxis refers to the ability to ________.

Correct Answer
verified

If bacteria living in salty seawater were displaced to a freshwater environment,the cell structure that would prevent the cells from rupturing is the ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Alcohol-based compounds can weaken the outer membrane.

Correct Answer
verified

Which order below reflects the correct procedure for Gram staining?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following does not pertain to endotoxin?

Correct Answer
verified

The organism Mycoplasma pneumoniae that causes "walking pneumonia" lacks a cell wall. In which of the following taxonomic divisions is it classified?

Correct Answer
verified

The difference in cell wall structure of Mycobacterium and Nocardia compared to the typical gram-positive bacterial cell wall structure is that they ________.

Correct Answer
verified

The cell envelope of gram-positive bacteria has two layers: a thick cell wall and the cell membrane.

Correct Answer
verified

Archaea do not have the typical peptidoglycan structure found in bacterial cell walls.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is not a phenotypic trait of bacteria?

Correct Answer
verified

The term that refers to flagella at both poles is ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Iodine is the decolorizer in the Gram stain.

Correct Answer
verified

All bacterial cells have ________.

Correct Answer
verified

The enzyme ________,found in tears and saliva,can hydrolyze the bonds in the glycan chains of certain bacterial cell walls.

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 3: Bacteria and Archaea

Which of the following is mismatched?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The term that refers to the presence of a tuft of flagella emerging from the same site is ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The gram-positive cell wall is considered stronger than that of gram-negative cells since its hydrophobic outer membrane contains an endotoxin.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Each bacterial species represents a distinct organism that can produce viable offspring when mating with other bacteria of its kind.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A flagellum is anchored into the bacterial cell envelope by its ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Chemotaxis refers to the ability to ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If bacteria living in salty seawater were displaced to a freshwater environment,the cell structure that would prevent the cells from rupturing is the ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Alcohol-based compounds can weaken the outer membrane.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which order below reflects the correct procedure for Gram staining?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following does not pertain to endotoxin?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The organism Mycoplasma pneumoniae that causes "walking pneumonia" lacks a cell wall. In which of the following taxonomic divisions is it classified?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The difference in cell wall structure of Mycobacterium and Nocardia compared to the typical gram-positive bacterial cell wall structure is that they ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The cell envelope of gram-positive bacteria has two layers: a thick cell wall and the cell membrane.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Archaea do not have the typical peptidoglycan structure found in bacterial cell walls.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not a phenotypic trait of bacteria?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The term that refers to flagella at both poles is ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Iodine is the decolorizer in the Gram stain.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All bacterial cells have ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The enzyme ________,found in tears and saliva,can hydrolyze the bonds in the glycan chains of certain bacterial cell walls.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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