Question 1

The initial, brief period of early, general symptoms such as fatigue and muscle aches is the ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  prodromal stage
B)  convalescent stage
C)  incubation period
D)  period of invasionE) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 2

The minimum number of microbes required for infection to proceed is termed a/an ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  virulence factor
B)  indigenous biota
C)  infectious dose
D)  endotoxin
E)  minimal doseF) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of sequelae?

Accepted Answer

A)  Headache from meningitis
B)  Difficulty swallowing from streptococcal infection
C)  Arthritis from Lyme disease
D)  Diarrhea from Salmonella enteritidis infectionE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 4

Diseases can re-emerge for a variety of reasons.Evaluate the following statements and choose the one that does not provide evidence for a re-emergence.

Accepted Answer

A)  Pathogens evolve over time.
B)  Climate change influences arthropods to expand their geographical areas.
C)  Humans have avoided animal habitats.
D)  Agents of bioterrorism have been introduced into a population.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 5

A laboratory technologist splashed a blood specimen onto his face, eyes, nose, and mouth.This specimen was from an HIV positive patient.If this blood exposure leads to HIV infection in the technologist, the transmission route is ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  direct
B)  fomite
C)  vehicle
D)  droplet nuclei
E)  aerosolF) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 6

Which of the following is not a normal portal of exit of an infectious disease?

Accepted Answer

A)  Removal of blood
B)  Urogenital tract and feces
C)  Coughing and sneezing
D)  Skin
E)  All of these are normal exit portals.F) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 7

A disease that has a steady frequency over time in a particular geographic location is referred to as ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  epidemic
B)  endemic
C)  pandemic
D)  sporadic
E)  chronicF) A) and B)
G) All of the above

Question 8

The suffix -osis means ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  blood
B)  a disease or morbid process
C)  an inflammation
D)  tumor
E)  pertaining toF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 9

Which of the following is not true of the preliminary findings by the HMP thus far?

Accepted Answer

A)  the number of bacterial genes outnumber human genes by millions in the holobiont
B)  there are many more sterile sites in the human than were previously assumed
C)  microbial antagonism prevents potential pathogens in the resident biota from causing disease
D)  viruses have played an important role in guiding the evolution of both humans and their resident floraE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 10

Leukopenia is the _____ in the level of white blood cells in a patient.

Accepted Answer

A)  elevation
B)  stabilization
C)  decrease
D)  abnormal productionE) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 11

Septicemia means that a pathogen is present and multiplying in the blood.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Under certain circumstances, a person's resident biota can act as opportunistic pathogens.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Reservoirs include ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  humans
B)  animals
C)  soil
D)  water
E)  All of the choices are correct.F) A) and C)
G) B) and E)

Question 14

The terms pathogenicity and virulence can be used synonymously because they both refer to an organism's ability to cause disease.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Exotoxins are ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  proteins secreted by living bacterial cells
B)  only released after a cell is damaged or lysed
C)  antiphagocytic factors
D)  secretions that always target nervous tissue
E)  lipopolysaccharidesF) None of the above
G) C) and E)

Question 16

An endotoxin is ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  secreted by pathogenic organisms
B)  indicative of gram-negative bacterial infection
C)  secreted by gram-positive organisms
D)  indicative of fungal infections
E)  indicative of viral infectionsF) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 17

The suffix -itis means ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  blood
B)  a disease or morbid process
C)  an inflammation
D)  tumor
E)  pertaining toF) A) and B)
G) None of the above

Question 18

What is one goal of the Human Microbiome Project?

Accepted Answer

A)  To sequence the DNA of all microorganisms
B)  To study the prevalence of disease
C)  To study microorganisms in an artificial habitat
D)  To provide comprehensive characterization of microbiota relating to human health and disease
E)  To elucidate genetically linked diseasesF) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

Question 19

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention mandates that some diseases must be reported, while it is not necessary for others.This is so that

Accepted Answer

A)  statistics may be gathered for certain diseases.
B)  the incidence and prevalence for diseases of public health importance can be tracked.
C)  disease trends and areas of outbreak can be monitored for certain diseases.
D)  high-risk epidemics can be identified and dealt with as quickly as possible.
E)  All of the above answers validate why it is important to report certain diseases to the CDC.F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 20

The primary, natural habitat of a pathogen where it continues to exist is called the ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  fomite
B)  carrier
C)  vector
D)  reservoir
E)  sourceF) B) and C)
G) C) and D)

Exam 13: Microbe-Human Interactions: Health and Disease

Which of the following is an example of sequelae?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Leukopenia is the _____ in the level of white blood cells in a patient.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Under certain circumstances, a person's resident biota can act as opportunistic pathogens.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The suffix -itis means ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The suffix -osis means ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The minimum number of microbes required for infection to proceed is termed a/an ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Diseases can re-emerge for a variety of reasons.Evaluate the following statements and choose the one that does not provide evidence for a re-emergence.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not a normal portal of exit of an infectious disease?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Reservoirs include ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The terms pathogenicity and virulence can be used synonymously because they both refer to an organism's ability to cause disease.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is one goal of the Human Microbiome Project?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The initial, brief period of early, general symptoms such as fatigue and muscle aches is the ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The primary, natural habitat of a pathogen where it continues to exist is called the ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An endotoxin is ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Septicemia means that a pathogen is present and multiplying in the blood.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Exotoxins are ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A laboratory technologist splashed a blood specimen onto his face, eyes, nose, and mouth.This specimen was from an HIV positive patient.If this blood exposure leads to HIV infection in the technologist, the transmission route is ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention mandates that some diseases must be reported, while it is not necessary for others.This is so that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not true of the preliminary findings by the HMP thus far?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A disease that has a steady frequency over time in a particular geographic location is referred to as ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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