Question 1

Which group are the key drugs used to treat Hansen's disease (leprosy) ?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sulfonamides
B)  Sulfones
C)  Fluoroquinolones
D)  Polymyxins
E)  StreptomycesF) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 2

All of the following pertain to cephalosporins, except

Accepted Answer

A)  they have a beta-lactam ring.
B)  they have greater resistance to beta-lactamases.
C)  newer generations have activity against gram-negative bacteria.
D)  many are administered by injection, not orally.
E)  they are are synthetic drugs.F) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 3

The drug used for several protozoan infections is ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  nystatin
B)  griseofulvin
C)  amphotericin B
D)  sulfa drugs
E)  metronidazoleF) D) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 4

Selective toxicity refers to damage to

Accepted Answer

A)  pathogenic organisms.
B)  prokaryotic cell membranes.
C)  the target organisms but not vertebrate cells.
D)  nucleic acids.E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 5

What antibiotic is mixed with neomycin and polymyxin to make an antibiotic ointment (Neosporin)  for superficial skin infections?

Accepted Answer

A)  Vancomycin
B)  Bacitracin
C)  Chloramphenicol
D)  Streptomycin
E)  ClindamycinF) A) and B)
G) All of the above

Question 6

A superinfection results from

Accepted Answer

A)  build up of a drug to toxic levels in the patient.
B)  the wrong drug administered to the patient.
C)  an immune system reaction to the drug.
D)  a decrease in most normal biota resulting in the overgrowth of an unaffected species.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 7

When a patient's immune system reacts adversely to a drug, this serious side effect is called a superinfection.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Mebendazole, thiabendazole, and ivermectin are drugs used to treat _____ infections.

Accepted Answer

A)  bacterial
B)  fungal
C)  protozoan
D)  helminthic
E)  viralF) B) and E)
G) D) and E) D

Question 9

Clavulanic acid inhibits

Accepted Answer

A)  beta-lactamase activity.
B)  peptidoglycan synthesis.
C)  formation of peptidoglycan cross linkages.
D)  cell membrane synthesis.E) All of the above
F) A) and D) A

Question 10

Ciprofloxacin is used to treat viral respiratory infections.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

The most selectively toxic drugs are those that

Accepted Answer

A)  cause damage to host tissues.
B)  target microbial sites that are not present in humans, e.g., the bacterial cell wall.
C)  target structures present in both microbes and humans, thus causing host tissue damage.
D)  cause allergic reactions in humans.E) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 12

Important characteristics of antimicrobial drugs include

Accepted Answer

A)  low toxicity for human tissues.
B)  high toxicity against microbial cells.
C)  a lack of serious side effects in humans.
D)  stability and solubility in body tissues and fluids.
E)  All of the choices are correct.F) D) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 13

All _____ consist of a thiazolidine ring, a beta-lactam ring, and an R group.

Accepted Answer

A)  penicillins
B)  tetracyclines
C)  macrolides
D)  cephalosporins
E)  aminoglycosidesF) C) and D)
G) A) and C) A

Question 14

The Kirby-Bauer test uses an agar surface seeded with the test bacterium, and small discs containing a specific concentration of several drugs are placed on the surface.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Bacteriophages selectively infect bacterial cells.How might they be used as a therapeutic treatment in humans?

Accepted Answer

A)  	Phages can carry genes into cells which will genetically modify the host cells to prevent infection.
B)  	Humans suffering from infections with antibiotic resistant bacteria can be treated with phages, which will infect and lyse the bacterial cells, leaving human cells unaffected.
C)  	Bacteriophages can be used to genetically engineer bacterial cells making them more susceptible to drugs.
D)  	Phages can be used to stimulate human immune cells to attack and kill bacterial cells.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 16

Which of these drugs has the most narrow-spectrum activity?

Accepted Answer

A)  Tetracycline
B)  Isoniazid
C)  Erythromycin
D)  Aminoglycosides
E)  CephalosporinsF) All of the above
G) C) and D)

Question 17

A high therapeutic index is advantageous.This refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  the ratio between high selective toxicity and low human toxicity.
B)  the ratio between low selective toxicity and high human toxicity.
C)  high efficacy of the drug against the target microbe.
D)  selective toxicity and human toxicity are both high.E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 18

Why do researchers often include DNase in their antibiotic preparations to eliminate biofilms?

Accepted Answer

A)  Targeting the bacterial chromosome is the most effective way to kill biofilm bacteria.
B)  If the microbe's genome can be destroyed, the cell will die.
C)  The antibiotics cannot readily penetrate the extracellular debris, which often includes DNA from lysed cells.
D)  The antibiotics target the cell wall and the DNase targets the genome, effectively destroying the biofilm.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 19

Each of the following is a mechanism for drug resistance transfer between microorganisms, except ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  transposons
B)  R-plasmids
C)  conjugation
D)  mutationE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 20

What drug is used in cases of penicillin and methicillin resistance and also used to treat endocarditis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Penicillin G
B)  Vancomycin
C)  Tetracycline
D)  Erythromycin
E)  IsoniazidF) All of the above
G) D) and E)

Exam 12: Antimicrobial Treatment

Which group are the key drugs used to treat Hansen's disease (leprosy) ?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All of the following pertain to cephalosporins, except

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The drug used for several protozoan infections is ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Selective toxicity refers to damage to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What antibiotic is mixed with neomycin and polymyxin to make an antibiotic ointment (Neosporin) for superficial skin infections?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A superinfection results from

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When a patient's immune system reacts adversely to a drug, this serious side effect is called a superinfection.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mebendazole, thiabendazole, and ivermectin are drugs used to treat _____ infections.

Correct AnswerverifiedD

Clavulanic acid inhibits

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Ciprofloxacin is used to treat viral respiratory infections.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The most selectively toxic drugs are those that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Important characteristics of antimicrobial drugs include

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All _____ consist of a thiazolidine ring, a beta-lactam ring, and an R group.

Correct AnswerverifiedA

The Kirby-Bauer test uses an agar surface seeded with the test bacterium, and small discs containing a specific concentration of several drugs are placed on the surface.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Bacteriophages selectively infect bacterial cells.How might they be used as a therapeutic treatment in humans?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of these drugs has the most narrow-spectrum activity?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A high therapeutic index is advantageous.This refers to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why do researchers often include DNase in their antibiotic preparations to eliminate biofilms?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Each of the following is a mechanism for drug resistance transfer between microorganisms, except ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What drug is used in cases of penicillin and methicillin resistance and also used to treat endocarditis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
D

Correct Answer
verified
A

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
A

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified