Question 1

Anabolic reactions that involve ligases and release water molecules when bonds are formed are called ______ reactions.

Accepted Answer

A)  reduction
B)  condensation
C)  oxidation
D)  transferE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 2

When comparing fermentation and anaerobic respiration, which statement would be true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Fermentation and anaerobic respiration are the same.
B)  Fermentation produces carbon dioxide, whereas anaerobic respiration does not.
C)  Anaerobic respiration and fermentation both employ the electron transport system.
D)  Both anaerobic respiration and fermentation use phosphorylation to make ATP.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 3

When the product of reaction A becomes the reactant of reaction B, this exemplifies a _______ metabolic pathway.

Accepted Answer

A)  linear
B)  bidirectional
C)  convergent
D)  cyclic
E)  divergentF) D) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 4

Substrate-level phosphorylation occurs in

Accepted Answer

A)  glycolysis and the electron transport chain.
B)  photosynthesis and glycolysis.
C)  glycolysis and the Krebs cycle.
D)  the Krebs cycle and the electron transport system.
E)   the electron transport system only.F) C) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 5

As the electron transport carriers shuttle electrons, they actively pump _____ into the outer membrane compartment, setting up a concentration gradient called the proton motive force.

Accepted Answer

A)  ATP
B)  phosphate
C)  hydrogen ions
D)  oxygen
E)  NADHF) C) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 6

When enzyme action stops due to a buildup of end product that acts as a regulatory molecule, this control is called ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  competitive inhibition
B)  enzyme induction
C)  enzyme repression
D)  noncompetitive inhibitionE) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 7

Building block molecules for biosynthetic pathways come from the cell's catabolic pathways and from the environment.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Each FADH2 from the Krebs cycle that enters the electron transport system results in the production of _____ ATP(s) .

Accepted Answer

A)  1
B)  2
C)  3
D)  4
E)  5F) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 9

Cells generate ATP from the release of chemical energy from nutrients, whereas chlorophyll-containing organisms generate ATP via the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis as well as from the oxidation of nutrients.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Which of the following statements is false regarding amphibolic pathways?

Accepted Answer

A)  Metabolic pathways are amphibolic, that is, catabolism and anabolism are intertwined in order to conserve energy in the cell.
B)   Glucose is broken down in glycolysis; however, not all of the intermediates in the pathway are utilized as an .energy source.Many leave the pathway to serve as precursors for complex molecules.
C)  Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate is used as a precursor for amino acid, lipid, and carbohydrate synthesis.
D)  All organisms use metabolic pathways to synthesize the 20 amino acids necessary for protein synthesis using precursors from catabolic processes.
E)  Glucose is broken down during glycolysis to pyruvate; however, when glucose is in short supply, pyruvate is used as a precursor in the process of gluconeogenesis.F) B) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 11

Which of the following is not part of the step that occurs between glycolysis and the Krebs cycle?

Accepted Answer

A)  Reduction of NAD+
B)  Coenzyme A attaches to an acetyl group
C)  Oxidation of pyruvic acid
D)  Pyruvic acid accepts electrons from NADHE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 12

The redox carriers of the electron transport system that have a tightly bound metal atom responsible for accepting and donating electrons are ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  NAD molecules
B)  FAD molecules
C)  NADP molecules
D)  the cytochromes
E)  the flavoproteinsF) D) and E)
G) C) and E)

Question 13

The formation of peptide bonds between amino acids to build a polypeptide is an example of ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  anabolism
B)  phosphorylation
C)  fermentation
D)  catabolism
E)  glycolysisF) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 14

Each NADH that enters the electron transport system results in the production of _____ ATPs.

Accepted Answer

A)  2
B)  3
C)  24
D)  36
E)  38F) None of the above
G) B) and D)

Question 15

Which of the following processes is endergonic?

Accepted Answer

A)  Beta oxidation of fatty acids
B)  Carbon fixation
C)  The oxidation of glucose
D)  Deamination
E)  Burning woodF) A) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 16

Oxidoreductase apoenzymes utilize a coenzyme to function.The NAD+ and FAD coenzymes

Accepted Answer

A)  carry only electrons between molecules.
B)  are oxidized when they remove electrons from the substrate.
C)  are reduced when they remove electrons from the substrate.
D)  are reduced when they add electrons to the substrate.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 17

Hydrolysis reactions are catabolic reactions that use water to split the reactant into smaller subunits.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

The reactions of fermentation function to produce _______ molecules for further use in glycolysis.

Accepted Answer

A)  pyruvic acid
B)  ATP
C)  NAD+
D)  NADH
E)  glucoseF) A) and D)
G) B) and D)

Question 19

The most likely place where an exoenzyme participates in a chemical reaction is ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  in mitochondria
B)  within the cell membrane
C)  in lysosomes
D)  in cytoplasm
E)  outside of the cellF) None of the above
G) A) and C)

Question 20

A bacterium that you isolated from pond water appears to use light for energy.Based upon this information, you inoculate the organism into fresh media, infused with lots of carbon dioxide.Even after incubation at the correct temperature (of pond water) , the organism is not growing.Your best explanation of what might have happened is

Accepted Answer

A)  there was no sulfur compound added to the medium, that could be used as an electron donor.
B)  no oxygen was added to the medium so the organism died.
C)  there is some inhibitory chemical that is preventing the growth of the bacterium.
D)  you were using the wrong type of sunlight as the energy source for the bacterium.E) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

Exam 8: Microbial Metabolism: The Chemical Crossroads of Life

The most likely place where an exoenzyme participates in a chemical reaction is ______.

Correct Answer
verified

Oxidoreductase apoenzymes utilize a coenzyme to function.The NAD⁺ and FAD coenzymes

Correct Answer
verified

Cells generate ATP from the release of chemical energy from nutrients, whereas chlorophyll-containing organisms generate ATP via the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis as well as from the oxidation of nutrients.

Correct Answer
verified

When comparing fermentation and anaerobic respiration, which statement would be true?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is not part of the step that occurs between glycolysis and the Krebs cycle?

Correct Answer
verified

As the electron transport carriers shuttle electrons, they actively pump _____ into the outer membrane compartment, setting up a concentration gradient called the proton motive force.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following processes is endergonic?

Correct Answer
verified

Substrate-level phosphorylation occurs in

Correct Answer
verified

The formation of peptide bonds between amino acids to build a polypeptide is an example of ______.

Correct Answer
verified

Each FADH₂ from the Krebs cycle that enters the electron transport system results in the production of _____ ATP(s) .

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following statements is false regarding amphibolic pathways?

Correct Answer
verified

Building block molecules for biosynthetic pathways come from the cell's catabolic pathways and from the environment.

Correct Answer
verified

The reactions of fermentation function to produce _______ molecules for further use in glycolysis.

Correct Answer
verified

When enzyme action stops due to a buildup of end product that acts as a regulatory molecule, this control is called ______.

Correct Answer
verified

Each NADH that enters the electron transport system results in the production of _____ ATPs.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Hydrolysis reactions are catabolic reactions that use water to split the reactant into smaller subunits.

Correct Answer
verified

When the product of reaction A becomes the reactant of reaction B, this exemplifies a _______ metabolic pathway.

Correct Answer
verified

The redox carriers of the electron transport system that have a tightly bound metal atom responsible for accepting and donating electrons are ______.

Correct Answer
verified

Anabolic reactions that involve ligases and release water molecules when bonds are formed are called ______ reactions.

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 8: Microbial Metabolism: The Chemical Crossroads of Life

The most likely place where an exoenzyme participates in a chemical reaction is ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Oxidoreductase apoenzymes utilize a coenzyme to function.The NAD+ and FAD coenzymes

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cells generate ATP from the release of chemical energy from nutrients, whereas chlorophyll-containing organisms generate ATP via the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis as well as from the oxidation of nutrients.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When comparing fermentation and anaerobic respiration, which statement would be true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not part of the step that occurs between glycolysis and the Krebs cycle?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As the electron transport carriers shuttle electrons, they actively pump _____ into the outer membrane compartment, setting up a concentration gradient called the proton motive force.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following processes is endergonic?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Substrate-level phosphorylation occurs in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The formation of peptide bonds between amino acids to build a polypeptide is an example of ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Each FADH2 from the Krebs cycle that enters the electron transport system results in the production of _____ ATP(s) .

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is false regarding amphibolic pathways?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Building block molecules for biosynthetic pathways come from the cell's catabolic pathways and from the environment.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The reactions of fermentation function to produce _______ molecules for further use in glycolysis.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When enzyme action stops due to a buildup of end product that acts as a regulatory molecule, this control is called ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Each NADH that enters the electron transport system results in the production of _____ ATPs.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Hydrolysis reactions are catabolic reactions that use water to split the reactant into smaller subunits.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When the product of reaction A becomes the reactant of reaction B, this exemplifies a _______ metabolic pathway.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The redox carriers of the electron transport system that have a tightly bound metal atom responsible for accepting and donating electrons are ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Anabolic reactions that involve ligases and release water molecules when bonds are formed are called ______ reactions.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Oxidoreductase apoenzymes utilize a coenzyme to function.The NAD⁺ and FAD coenzymes

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Each FADH₂ from the Krebs cycle that enters the electron transport system results in the production of _____ ATP(s) .

Correct Answer
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