Question 1

The synaptonemal complex develops early in meiosis.It is

Accepted Answer

A)  a cluster of chromatids at the end of the cell.
B)  a framework of microtubules that organize chromatids.
C)  a lattice of proteins that holds homologues together.
D)  a set of two homologues lined side by side.
E)  the wound up regions of DNA molecules.F) None of the above
G) C) and E)

Question 2

All of the following animal cells are diploid except

Accepted Answer

A)  gametic.
B)  muscles.
C)  nerves.
D)  skin.
E)  reproductive organ.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 3

The homologous chromosomes (homologues) pair up during meiosis I.Each homologue pairs along its entire length.This process is called

Accepted Answer

A)  syngamy.
B)  synapsis.
C)  meiosis.
D)  mitosis.
E)  crossing over.F) C) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 4

The cell produced by the fusion of an egg and a sperm is the

Accepted Answer

A)  gamete.
B)  haploid.
C)  zygote.
D)  germ line cell.
E)  somatic cell.F) D) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 5

Crossing over of chromosomes takes place in

Accepted Answer

A)  prophase II.
B)  prophase I.
C)  interphase II.
D)  interphase I.
E)  metaphase II.F) B) and D)
G) B) and C) B

Question 6

You are comparing the events of meiosis I in cells from several different organisms.You come across one species in which you do not observe any chiasmata.Based on this information you are observing

Accepted Answer

A)  independent chiasmata formation in Drosophila males.
B)  independent chiasmata formation in Drosophila females.
C)  achiasmata segregation in Drosophila males.
D)  achiasmata segregation in Drosophila females.E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 7

Four chromatids are held together by a zipper-like structure.

Accepted Answer

A)  chiasma
B)  homologue
C)  kinetochore
D)  synapsis
E)  synaptonemalF) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 8

______ cells such as gametes contain one set of chromosomes.

Accepted Answer

A)  Muscle
B)  Somatic
C)  Diploid
D)  HaploidE) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 9

The pairing of chromosomes along their lengths which is essential for crossing over is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)  syngamy.
B)  synapsis.
C)  prophase.
D)  recombination.
E)  centromerE.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 10

Between the two divisions of meiosis there is

Accepted Answer

A)  a full cell cycle.
B)  a pairing of homologues.
C)  replication of some parts of the chromosomes.
D)  no S phase.
E)  random combination among chromatids.F) B) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 11

The fusion of male gamete cells with female gamete cells is called

Accepted Answer

A)  syngamy.
B)  meiosis.
C)  mitosis.
D)  recombination.
E)  synapsis.F) A) and C)
G) B) and E)

Question 12

You are studying mitosis in an organism that has 28 chromosomes as its diploid number.How many chromosomes will the cell have after mitosis,but before cytokinesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  7
B)  14
C)  28
D)  56E) A) and C)
F) B) and D) D

Question 13

Structures that may be visible under the microscope and indicate where crossing over has occurred.

Accepted Answer

A)  chiasma
B)  homologue
C)  kinetochore
D)  synapsis
E)  synaptonemalF) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 14

Crossing over occurs during prophase I of meiosis I.The two sister chromatids of each homologous pair of chromosomes remain attached by

Accepted Answer

A)  a common centromere and the synapsis.
B)  a common centromere and the chiasmata.
C)  a common centromere and the recombination synapsis.
D)  a common centromere and the synaptonemal complex.
E)  a common centromere and the spindle fibers.F) B) and D)
G) B) and E) D

Question 15

Meiosis also has been called reduction division because

Accepted Answer

A)  new somatic cells are produced but with a reduction in the required amount of time,which promotes faster wound healing.
B)  new gametes are produced but their numbers are reduced.
C)  there is a reduction in the chromosome number during two separate nuclear and cell divisions to produce gametes.
D)  there is a reduction in the chromosome number during two separate nuclear and cell divisions to produce somatic cells.
E)  there is an initial reduction in the chromosome number during the first division followed by an increase in chromosome number,the second division quickly follows the increase in number of chromosomes.F) A) and D)
G) D) and E)

Question 16

In one of the first steps in meiosis,the

Accepted Answer

A)  clearly defined spindle apparatus appears in the center of the cell.
B)  chromatids separate and move to opposite ends of the cell.
C)  half chromosomes are made inactive.
D)  homologous pairs of chromosomes pair up along their length.
E)  chromosomes become invisiblE.F) B) and C)
G) All of the above

Question 17

One of the most likely explanations for the evolutionary origin of sexual reproduction is that

Accepted Answer

A)  organisms could then move onto land.
B)  DNA replication errors could be corrected by recombination.
C)  more and larger offspring could be produced.
D)  haploid cells require less energy and raw materials.E) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 18

Why does sexual reproduction require both meiosis and syngamy?

Accepted Answer

A)  The process of mitosis results in the production of gametes in which the number of chromosomes remains the same.During sygamy,two gametes fuse to form a new cell,and the number of chromosomes is restored to the full amount.Therefore,by coupling meiosis and syngamy,the organism ensures that the proper number of chromosomes will be maintained.
B)  The process of mitosis results in the production of gametes in which the number of chromosomes is reduced by half.During sygamy,two gametes fuse to form a new cell,and the number of chromosomes is restored to the full amount.Therefore,by coupling meiosis and syngamy,the organism ensures that the proper number of chromosomes will be maintained.
C)  The process of mitosis results in the production of gametes in which the number of chromosomes is doubled.During sygamy,gametes are reduced by half,and the number of chromosomes is restored to the full amount.Therefore,by coupling meiosis and syngamy,the organism ensures that the proper number of chromosomes will be maintained.D) A) and B)
E) A) and C)

Question 19

A reproductive biologist is examining reproductive cells at the end of meiosis I.She notices that each of the two resulting cells are haploid.She also knows that meiosis II will produce haploid cells.How can her observations be explained?

Accepted Answer

A)  There must be an error and she needs to refocus her microscope and look again.
B)  The cells that resulted from meiosis I are in fact haploid,but are composed of two sister chromatids.The sister chromatids will be pulled apart during meiosis II,producing haploid gametes.
C)  The cells that resulted from meiosis I are in fact diploid and this explains her observational error and also her knowledge of the meiosis II resulting in haploid cells.
D)  The cells that resulted from meiosis I are in fact haploid,but her knowledge of the result of meiosis II is not accurate,at least for this particular cell type.
E)  The cells that she observed are abnormal and will require further observations.F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

Question 20

You are studying meiosis in an organism that has 28 chromosomes as its diploid number.How many chromosomes will each nucleus have after meiosis I,but before cytokinesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  14
B)  28
C)  56
D)  cannot determine from the information providedE) C) and D)
F) All of the above

Exam 11: Sexual Reproduction and Meiosis

The synaptonemal complex develops early in meiosis.It is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All of the following animal cells are diploid except

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The homologous chromosomes (homologues) pair up during meiosis I.Each homologue pairs along its entire length.This process is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The cell produced by the fusion of an egg and a sperm is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Crossing over of chromosomes takes place in

Correct AnswerverifiedB

You are comparing the events of meiosis I in cells from several different organisms.You come across one species in which you do not observe any chiasmata.Based on this information you are observing

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Four chromatids are held together by a zipper-like structure.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

______ cells such as gametes contain one set of chromosomes.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The pairing of chromosomes along their lengths which is essential for crossing over is referred to as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Between the two divisions of meiosis there is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The fusion of male gamete cells with female gamete cells is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You are studying mitosis in an organism that has 28 chromosomes as its diploid number.How many chromosomes will the cell have after mitosis,but before cytokinesis?

Correct AnswerverifiedD

Structures that may be visible under the microscope and indicate where crossing over has occurred.

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Crossing over occurs during prophase I of meiosis I.The two sister chromatids of each homologous pair of chromosomes remain attached by

Correct AnswerverifiedD

Meiosis also has been called reduction division because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In one of the first steps in meiosis,the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One of the most likely explanations for the evolutionary origin of sexual reproduction is that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why does sexual reproduction require both meiosis and syngamy?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A reproductive biologist is examining reproductive cells at the end of meiosis I.She notices that each of the two resulting cells are haploid.She also knows that meiosis II will produce haploid cells.How can her observations be explained?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You are studying meiosis in an organism that has 28 chromosomes as its diploid number.How many chromosomes will each nucleus have after meiosis I,but before cytokinesis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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B

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D

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D

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