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The quantity consumed or patronage (store visits) during a specific period is referred to as


A) usage rate.
B) purchase metric.
C) consumption index.
D) consumption rate.
E) demand amount.

F) B) and D)
G) B) and E)

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Australia-based Renewable Energy Ltd. sells a $10 million device that converts manure into energy. One of these devices is capable of generating energy equal to $2 million of natural gas per year. The company believes its target market consists of businesses similar to its first customer, a fertilizer manufacturer that was located in a rural area. If the firm expands to the United States, it most likely will use which of the following strategies to segment its market?


A) behavioral and geographic
B) number of employees and behavioral
C) purchase location and purchase type
D) NAICS code and geographic
E) behavioral and NAICS code

F) A) and E)
G) None of the above

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Market segments refers to


A) the relatively heterogeneous groups of prospective buyers that result from the market segmentation process.
B) all buyers of a product or service who have previously purchased a particular firm's products or services and who intend to repeat that purchase sometime in the future.
C) the smallest number of buyers that have similar needs but do not react similarly in a buying situation.
D) the relatively homogenous groups of prospective buyers that result from the market segmentation process.
E) all potential buyers of a product or service who intend to purchase a firm's products or services but who have not yet done so.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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ExxonMobil targets consumers that fill up their gas tanks more than once a week with its Chase Visa fuel card. In this example, ExxonMobil is using which segmentation variable?


A) needs
B) lifestyle
C) behavioral
D) psychographic
E) demographic

F) C) and D)
G) C) and E)

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The phrase "relatively homogeneous collections of prospective buyers" is most descriptive of


A) demographic clusters.
B) organizational buyers.
C) ultimate consumers.
D) market segments.
E) qualified prospects.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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The Walt Disney Co. carefully markets two distinct Winnie-the-Poohs; one is the original line-drawn figure on fine china sold at Nordstrom and the other is a cartoon-like Pooh on polyester bed sheets sold at Target. This is an example of


A) mass customization.
B) a Tiffany/Walmart strategy.
C) one product and multiple market segments.
D) price discrimination.
E) psychographic market segmentation.

F) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

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The annual Sporting News Baseball Yearbook uses 17 different covers featuring a baseball star from each of its regions in the United States, yet each regional issue has the same magazine content. The publisher is using which of the following segmentation strategies?


A) multiple products with one segment
B) one product with one channel of distribution
C) one product with multiple market segments
D) one product with changes based on customer behavior
E) multiple products with multiple segments

F) C) and E)
G) A) and E)

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According to Tony Hsieh, CEO of Zappos, the company devotes the greatest amount of time to


A) seeking new and unusual styles of shoes from all over the world.
B) improving the website to make it faster, more interesting, and fun.
C) seeking new markets that will go beyond the Internet.
D) finding the fastest and least expensive modes of delivery for its products.
E) finding ways to improve customer service levels.

F) C) and D)
G) B) and E)

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After establishing the market segments and product groupings on a market-product grid, the next step is to


A) fill in the appropriate cells with precise statistical data from primary and/or secondary sources.
B) estimate, with intelligent guesstimates as necessary, the market size for each cell using a simple scale, such as from zero to three.
C) total the vertical columns to identify the greatest marketing synergies and efficiencies.
D) total the horizontal rows to identify greatest operations/production synergies and efficiencies.
E) identify a marketing action for every product-market combination in the grid.

F) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

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Product features and usage rate are both variables used to employ __________ segmentation.


A) geographic
B) demographic
C) loyalty
D) psychographic
E) behavioral

F) None of the above
G) A) and C)

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Which of the following is a criterion used for selecting a target segment?


A) potential for increased profit
B) similarity of needs of potential buyers within a segment
C) cost of reaching the segment
D) difference of needs of buyers among segments
E) potential of a marketing action to reach a segment

F) All of the above
G) A) and B)

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You can go to your nearest Hallmark card store and buy a birthday greeting card for a friend and pay $4.50. Or you can buy a Hallmark card from its new $0.99 line of greeting cards, made with lesser-quality materials but just as sentimental, sold at Barnes & Noble bookstores. This is an example of


A) mass customization.
B) organizational synergy.
C) one product and multiple market segments.
D) price discrimination.
E) a Tiffany/Walmart strategy.

F) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

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Market-product grid refers to


A) a visual representation of all products offered within a specific product class.
B) a framework used to compare the relative market share of one firm's product offerings to those of its competitors.
C) a technique that seeks opportunities by finding the optimum balance between marketing efficiencies versus R&D-manufacturing efficiencies.
D) a framework used to relate the market segments of potential buyers to products offered or potential marketing actions by an organization.
E) a technique that helps a firm search for growth opportunities from among current and new markets as well as current and new products.

F) A) and C)
G) A) and E)

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Apple's iPhone has a feature known as Apple Pay that lets you use your phone to pay for credit purchases, meaning you could leave your wallet at home. This feature sets the smartphone apart from its competitors and is part of Apple's ___________ strategy.


A) product segmentation
B) market expansion
C) product differentiation
D) usage segmentation
E) psychographic segmentation

F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

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Grocery retailer Safeway displays the thousands of items it sells in aisles containing related items or product groupings. Examples would be the pet food aisle or the soft drink aisle. Why would Safeway display and sell product groupings in this manner?


A) The groupings increase the number of market-product combinations on the market-product grid, which makes it a more manageable framework for subsequent analysis.
B) This form of product groupings makes it easier for customers to get in and out of the store more quickly, creating time utility.
C) The products are grouped so people can relate to them in a more meaningful way when they shop.
D) Product groupings can be generated quantitatively to show which adhere to the 80/20 rule.
E) Suppliers get preferential treatment based upon the number of different UPCs they provide.

F) All of the above
G) B) and C)

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Criteria for forming segments involve both similarities and differences. In terms of the needs of buyers, the similarities must be __________ a segment, and the differences must be __________ segments.


A) between; among
B) throughout; absent in
C) within; among
D) absent in; throughout
E) among; across

F) A) and D)
G) D) and E)

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What is product differentiation? How does it relate to market segmentation? How does it potentially improve a firm's revenues?

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Product differentiation involves a firm ...

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Tony Hsieh invested in the company Zappos and


A) immediately changed its product mix.
B) helped to develop its segmentation strategy.
C) focused on value-oriented customers.
D) focused on unknown brands.
E) helped to shift to a more transactional focus.

F) A) and C)
G) C) and E)

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There are five key steps in segmenting and targeting markets, which link market needs of customers to the organization's marketing program. List these five key steps.

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The five key steps in segmenting and tar...

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Segmentation based on where prospective customers live or work is referred to as


A) zip code segmentation.
B) geographic segmentation.
C) regional segmentation.
D) MSA segmentation.
E) NAICS code segmentation.

F) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

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