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The basic reason why the commercial banking system can increase its checkable deposits by a multiple of its excess reserves is that:


A) reserves lost by any particular bank will be gained by some other bank.
B) the central banks follow policies that prevent reserves from falling below the level required by law.
C) the MPC of borrowers is greater than zero but less than 1.
D) the banking system must keep reserves equal to 100 percent of its checkable-deposit liabilities.

E) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

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When commercial banks use excess reserves to buy government securities from the public:


A) new money is created.
B) commercial bank reserves increase.
C) the money supply falls.
D) checkable deposits decline.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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If you deposit a $50 bill in a commercial bank that has a 10 percent legal reserve requirement,the bank will:


A) have $45 of additional excess reserves.
B) be capable of lending an additional $500.
C) be capable of lending no more than an additional $50.
D) have $50 of required reserves.

E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

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Answer the question on the basis of the following information for the Moolah Bank.  Reserves $100 Checkable Deposits 1,000 Loans (to customers)  300 Property 400 Securities (owned)  300 Stock Shares 100\begin{array} { l r } \text { Reserves } & \$ 100 \\\text { Checkable Deposits } & 1,000 \\\text { Loans (to customers) } & 300 \\\text { Property } & 400 \\\text { Securities (owned) } & 300 \\\text { Stock Shares } & 100\end{array} Refer to the information.If Moolah Bank is legally "loaned up," the banking system's monetary multiplier must be:


A) 5.
B) 8.
C) 10.
D) 20.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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If m equals the maximum number of new dollars that can be created for a single dollar of excess reserves and R equals the required reserve ratio,then for the banking system:


A) m = R - 1.
B) R = m/1.
C) R = m - 1.
D) m = 1/R.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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The multiple by which the commercial banking system can increase the supply of money on the basis of each dollar of excess reserves is equal to:


A) the reciprocal of the required reserve ratio.
B) 1 minus the required reserve ratio.
C) the reciprocal of the income velocity of money.
D) 1/MPS.

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

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The multiple by which the commercial banking system can expand the supply of money is equal to the reciprocal of:


A) the MPS.
B) its actual reserves.
C) its excess reserves.
D) the reserve ratio.

E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

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Answer the question on the basis of the following table for a commercial bank or thrift: Answer the question on the basis of the following table for a commercial bank or thrift:   Refer to row 3 in the table.The number appropriate for space Y is: A)  $24,000. B)  $32,000. C)  $48,000. D)  $96,000. Refer to row 3 in the table.The number appropriate for space Y is:


A) $24,000.
B) $32,000.
C) $48,000.
D) $96,000.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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Answer the question on the basis of the following information for the Moolah Bank.  Reserves $100 Checkable Deposits 1,000 Loans (to customers)  300 Property 400 Securities (owned)  300 Stock Shares 100\begin{array} { l r } \text { Reserves } & \$ 100 \\\text { Checkable Deposits } & 1,000 \\\text { Loans (to customers) } & 300 \\\text { Property } & 400 \\\text { Securities (owned) } & 300 \\\text { Stock Shares } & 100\end{array} Refer to the information.If Moolah Bank is legally "loaned up," the reserve requirement must be:


A) 10 percent.
B) 15 percent.
C) 20 percent.
D) 25 percent.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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Leverage in the financial system:


A) magnifies profits but reduces losses.
B) magnifies both profits and losses.
C) reduces profits but magnifies losses.
D) reduces both profits and losses.

E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

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Answer the question on the basis of the following information about a banking system: new currency deposited in the system = $40 billion;legal reserve ratio = 0.20;excess reserves prior to the currency deposit = $0. Refer to the information.The $40 billion deposit of new currency will support total checkable deposits of:


A) $160 billion.
B) $200 billion.
C) $40 billion.
D) $128 billion.

E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

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Answer the question on the basis of the following table for a commercial bank or thrift: (1) Legal ReserveRatio (%) 10202530(2) CheckableDeposits$40,00040,00040,00040,000(3) ActualReserves$10,00010,00010,00010,000\begin{array}{c}\begin{array}{c}(1) \\\text {Legal Reserve}\\\underline{\text {Ratio (\%) }}\\10 \\20 \\25 \\30\end{array}\begin{array}{c}(2) \\\text {Checkable}\\\underline{\text {Deposits}}\\ \$ 40,000 \\40,000\\40,000\\40,000\end{array}\begin{array}{c}(3) \\\text {Actual}\\\underline{\text {Reserves}}\\\$ 10,000 \\10,000\\10,000\\10,000\end{array}\end{array} Refer to the table.If the legal reserve ratio falls from 25 percent to 10 percent,excess reserves of this single bank will:


A) rise by $6,000 and the monetary multiplier will increase from 4 to 10.
B) rise by $60,000 and the monetary multiplier will increase from 4 to 10.
C) fall by $6,000 and the monetary multiplier will decline from 30 to 10.
D) fall by $2,000 and the monetary multiplier will decline from 10 to 4.

E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

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Use the following balance sheet for the ABC National Bank in answering the question.Assume the required reserve ratio is 20 percent.  Assets Reserves Securities Loans Property$27,00050,00033,000200,000 Liabilities & Net Worth  Checkable Deposits Stock Shares$1,100200,000\begin{array}{c}\begin{array}{lll}\quad\quad\quad\underline{\text { Assets}}\\\text { Reserves}\\\text { Securities}\\\text { Loans}\\\text { Property} \end{array}\begin{array}{l}\\\$ 27,000 \\50,000 \\33,000 \\200,000\end{array}\begin{array}{lll}\quad\quad \underline{\text { Liabilities \& Net Worth }}\\\text { Checkable Deposits}\\\text { Stock Shares}\\\\\\\end{array}\begin{array}{lll}\\\$1,100\\200,000\\\\\\\end{array}\end{array} Refer to the data.This bank can safely expand its loans by a maximum of:


A) $7,000.
B) $25,000.
C) $12,000.
D) $5,000.

E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

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Assume that Smith deposits $600 in currency into her checking account in the XYZ Bank.Later that same day Jones negotiates a loan for $1,200 at the same bank.In what direction and by what amount has the supply of money changed?


A) Decreased by $600.
B) Increased by $1,800.
C) Increased by $600.
D) Increased by $1,200.

E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

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The ABC Commercial Bank has $5,000 in excess reserves and the reserve ratio is 30 percent.This information is consistent with the bank having:


A) $90,000 in outstanding loans and $35,000 in reserves.
B) $90,000 in checkable deposit liabilities and $32,000 in reserves.
C) $20,000 in checkable deposit liabilities and $10,000 in reserves.
D) $90,000 in checkable deposit liabilities and $35,000 in reserves.

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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A reserve requirement of 20 percent means a bank must have $1,000 of reserves if its checkable deposits are:


A) $100.
B) $1,000.
C) $5,000.
D) $12,000.

E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

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A single commercial bank must meet a 25 percent reserve requirement.If the bank has no excess reserves initially and $5,000 of cash is deposited in the bank,it can increase its loans by a maximum of:


A) $1,250.
B) $120,000.
C) $5,000.
D) $3,750.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Commercial banks create money when they:


A) accept cash deposits from the public.
B) purchase government securities from the central banks.
C) create checkable deposits in exchange for IOUs.
D) raise their interest rates.

E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

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Answer the question on the basis of the following information for the Moolah Bank. ([\begin{array} { l r } \text { Reserves } & \$ 100 \\ \text { Checkable Deposits } & 1,000 \\ \text { Loans (to customers) } & 300 \\ \text { Property } & 400 \\ \text { Securities (owned) } & 300 \\ \text { Stock Shares } & 100 \end{array}\) Assume that the listed amounts constitute this bank's complete set of accounts.Moolah's:


A) assets are $1,100.
B) liabilities are $1,100.
C) net worth is $300.
D) profit is $1,000.

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

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Which one of the following is presently a major deterrent to bank panics in the United States?


A) The legal reserve requirement.
B) The fractional reserve system.
C) The gold standard.
D) Deposit insurance.

E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

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