Question 1

DNA that is separate and apart from the chromosome in a prokaryote is the:

Accepted Answer

A)  Ribosome
B)  Endospore
C)  Nucleus
D)  Nucleoid
E)  PlasmidF) B) and D)
G) A) and D)

Question 2

Streptomyces are obligate aerobic soil bacteria that infect may root plants,causing scabs on their surfaces.You would expect to find more Streptomyces near the surface of the soil.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Botox is a toxin produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum.When ingested with tainted food,Botox can cause distress by paralyzing the intestines,and in high doses can kill by paralyzing muscles needed for breathing and heartbeat.Why would Clostridium botulinum express botox?

Accepted Answer

A)  To give the bacteria more food
B)  To give the bacteria more oxygen
C)  To prevent other bacteria from entering the gut
D)  To prevent the intestines from removing the bacteria
E)  To prevent antibiotics from entering the gutF) A) and D)
G) B) and D)

Question 4

How would methicillin resistance arise in a strain of S.aureus?

Accepted Answer

A)  The methicillin would cause mutations in the bacteria, allowing them to survive
B)  The bacteria would sense the methicillin and mutate their DNA to survive
C)  The bacteria would mate during asexual reproduction, and some of their offspring could be resistant to the methicilin
D)  The bacteria would stop making a cell wall and thus be resistant to the methicillin
E)  Bacteria with pre-existing mutations would survive and reproduceF) D) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 5

figure 16.15 
-Based on figure 16.15,which of the following best explains why toxic shock syndrome peaked in the early 1980s?

Accepted Answer

A)  Some strains of S. aureus developed resistance to methicillin.
B)  The drug methicillin was invented in the 1980s
C)  A single strain of S. aureus was responsible for the toxic shock syndrome, and women could not develop immunity to this strain
D)  Some strains of S. aureus were able to adapt to the new environment produced by ultra-high-absorbency tamponsE) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 6

Many prokaryotes play vital roles in global nutrient cycles.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Bacteria and archaea use the same four bases in their DNA as eukaryotes.This supports which of the following statements?

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA evolved independently at least three times
B)  DNA was the original genetic material
C)  All three domains arose from a common ancestor
D)  Bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotes could interbreed
E)  Bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotes contain the same set of genesF) D) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 8

Most bacteria inside and on the human body cause disease.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

-Methicillin is related to penicillin,which was isolated from the bread mold Penicillium.Based on this,which of the following can you conclude is different between S.aureus and Penicillium?

Accepted Answer

A)  The composition of their plasma membrane
B)  Their type of genetic material
C)  The structure of their organelles
D)  The composition of their cell wall
E)  The enzymes in glycolysisF) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

Question 10

Infections by Heliobacter pylori cause 90% of peptic ulcers in the U.S.These bacteria have pili that are expressed in acidic conditions.A characteristic of this organism should be:

Accepted Answer

A)  An ability to attach to cells in the host organism's stomach
B)  An ability to move in the direction opposite the pili
C)  An ability to avoid ingestion by cells in the immune system
D)  An ability to induce a large antibody response
E)  An ability to enter the blood streamF) All of the above
G) A) and D)

Question 11

Streptomyces are aerobic soil bacteria that produce over two-thirds of our antibiotics of natural origin.Why might a bacterium produce antibiotics?

Accepted Answer

A)  To kill competing bacteria of the same species
B)  To protect itself from a host immune system
C)  To kill competing bacteria of different species
D)  To allow it to break down the cell walls of plants
E)  To kill viruses that may try to infect itF) A) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 12

Bacterial biofilms are important medically because:

Accepted Answer

A)  They may form on catheters
B)  They are resistant to treatment with antibiotics
C)  They can form dental plaque
D)  They are resistant to immune defenses
E)  All are correctF) A) and D)
G) B) and D)

Question 13

The rigid barrier that surrounds most prokaryotes is the:

Accepted Answer

A)  Cell membrane
B)  Flagellum
C)  Glycocalyx
D)  Cell wall
E)  CytoplasmF) All of the above
G) B) and D)

Question 14

A microbiologist gram stains a bacterium and finds the bacterium to be blue to purple in color,this identifies:

Accepted Answer

A)  The bacterium as gram positive
B)  The species of bacterium
C)  The bacterium as gram negative
D)  The bacterium as a bacterium that causes human diseaseE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 15

One way that antibiotic resistant strains of bacteria arise is that patients do not follow the instructions for taking the drug.In a typical scenario,a drug may be prescribed for a week,but the patient may stop taking it after 2-3 days if they start to feel better.Then when the infection flares up again,they take the rest of their dose.Why would this scenario lead to drug resistance?

Accepted Answer

A)  The first round of treatment gives the bacteria a chance to learn how to metabolize the drug
B)  The first round of treatment selects for resistant bacteria, which then increase in number
C)  The body clears the drug faster once it is exposed a second time
D)  A patient begins to develop resistance to the drug
E)  The first round of treatment suppresses the immune system making the patient more susceptible to other infectionsF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 16

Vibrio cholera is the cause of cholera,and has a single flagellum stretching off from one end looking very much like a tail.A characteristic of this organism should be:

Accepted Answer

A)  An ability to avoid ingestion by cells in the immune system
B)  An ability to induce a large antibody response
C)  An ability to move in the direction opposite the flagellum
D)  An ability to transmit DNA to other bacteria
E)  An ability to attach to cells in the host organisms intestinesF) C) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 17

Streptomyces are aerobic soil bacteria that produce over two-thirds of our antibiotics of natural origin.These antibiotics should also be effective in killing Streptomyces.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Pili are bacterial structures used primarily for motility.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

The three most common shapes of bacteria are:

Accepted Answer

A)  Star-shaped, cubical, and spherical
B)  Spherical, rod-shaped, and spiral
C)  Cubical, spiral, and thread-like
D)  Rod-shaped, star-shaped, and cubical
E)  Cubical, spherical, and rod-shapedF) A) and D)
G) B) and D)

Exam 16: Bacteria and Archaea

A microbiologist gram stains a bacterium and finds the bacterium to be blue to purple in color,this identifies:

Correct Answer
verified

Streptomyces are aerobic soil bacteria that produce over two-thirds of our antibiotics of natural origin.These antibiotics should also be effective in killing Streptomyces.

Correct Answer
verified

Streptomyces are obligate aerobic soil bacteria that infect may root plants,causing scabs on their surfaces.You would expect to find more Streptomyces near the surface of the soil.

Correct Answer
verified

Infections by Heliobacter pylori cause 90% of peptic ulcers in the U.S.These bacteria have pili that are expressed in acidic conditions.A characteristic of this organism should be:

Correct Answer
verified

Streptomyces are aerobic soil bacteria that produce over two-thirds of our antibiotics of natural origin.Why might a bacterium produce antibiotics?

Correct Answer
verified

Bacterial biofilms are important medically because:

Correct Answer
verified

figure 16.15 -Based on figure 16.15,which of the following best explains why toxic shock syndrome peaked in the early 1980s?

Correct Answer
verified

-Methicillin is related to penicillin,which was isolated from the bread mold Penicillium.Based on this,which of the following can you conclude is different between S.aureus and Penicillium?

Correct Answer
verified

Many prokaryotes play vital roles in global nutrient cycles.

Correct Answer
verified

The three most common shapes of bacteria are:

Correct Answer
verified

Bacteria and archaea use the same four bases in their DNA as eukaryotes.This supports which of the following statements?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Pili are bacterial structures used primarily for motility.

Correct Answer
verified

Most bacteria inside and on the human body cause disease.

Correct Answer
verified

DNA that is separate and apart from the chromosome in a prokaryote is the:

Correct Answer
verified

The rigid barrier that surrounds most prokaryotes is the:

Correct Answer
verified

How would methicillin resistance arise in a strain of S.aureus?

Correct Answer
verified

Vibrio cholera is the cause of cholera,and has a single flagellum stretching off from one end looking very much like a tail.A characteristic of this organism should be:

Correct Answer
verified

Botox is a toxin produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum.When ingested with tainted food,Botox can cause distress by paralyzing the intestines,and in high doses can kill by paralyzing muscles needed for breathing and heartbeat.Why would Clostridium botulinum express botox?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 16: Bacteria and Archaea

A microbiologist gram stains a bacterium and finds the bacterium to be blue to purple in color,this identifies:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Streptomyces are aerobic soil bacteria that produce over two-thirds of our antibiotics of natural origin.These antibiotics should also be effective in killing Streptomyces.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Streptomyces are obligate aerobic soil bacteria that infect may root plants,causing scabs on their surfaces.You would expect to find more Streptomyces near the surface of the soil.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Infections by Heliobacter pylori cause 90% of peptic ulcers in the U.S.These bacteria have pili that are expressed in acidic conditions.A characteristic of this organism should be:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Streptomyces are aerobic soil bacteria that produce over two-thirds of our antibiotics of natural origin.Why might a bacterium produce antibiotics?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Bacterial biofilms are important medically because:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

figure 16.15 -Based on figure 16.15,which of the following best explains why toxic shock syndrome peaked in the early 1980s?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

-Methicillin is related to penicillin,which was isolated from the bread mold Penicillium.Based on this,which of the following can you conclude is different between S.aureus and Penicillium?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Many prokaryotes play vital roles in global nutrient cycles.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The three most common shapes of bacteria are:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Bacteria and archaea use the same four bases in their DNA as eukaryotes.This supports which of the following statements?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Pili are bacterial structures used primarily for motility.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Most bacteria inside and on the human body cause disease.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

DNA that is separate and apart from the chromosome in a prokaryote is the:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The rigid barrier that surrounds most prokaryotes is the:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How would methicillin resistance arise in a strain of S.aureus?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Vibrio cholera is the cause of cholera,and has a single flagellum stretching off from one end looking very much like a tail.A characteristic of this organism should be:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Botox is a toxin produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum.When ingested with tainted food,Botox can cause distress by paralyzing the intestines,and in high doses can kill by paralyzing muscles needed for breathing and heartbeat.Why would Clostridium botulinum express botox?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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