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As product adopters, innovators typically


A) disregard debt and use neighbors and friends as information sources.
B) are skeptical and have below average social status.
C) act with deliberation and use many informal social contacts.
D) are leaders in social standing and have slightly above average education when compared to the other adopter classes.
E) are venturesome, better educated than other product adopters, and use multiple information sources.

F) None of the above
G) A) and D)

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Most consumers who would buy the product are either repeat purchasers of the item or have tried and abandoned it are characteristically in which stage of the product life cycle?


A) introduction
B) growth
C) maturity
D) decline
E) harvest

F) A) and C)
G) A) and D)

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There are several reasons why a consumer would be reluctant to purchase a new product.One example would be a value barrier.A value barrier occurs when


A) there is no incentive to change.
B) there are physical, economic, or social risks.
C) there are cultural differences.
D) the financial commitment is too great.
E) the product is not consistent with existing habits.

F) C) and E)
G) C) and D)

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When the Floral Council advertises giving flowers as a thoughtful and appreciated gift for any occasion it is trying to stimulate _________ demand.


A) selective
B) primary
C) derived
D) generic
E) secondary

F) None of the above
G) A) and C)

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A marketing decision in which an organization uses a name, phrase, design, symbol, or combination of these to identify its products and distinguish them from those of competitors is referred to as


A) product identification.
B) branding.
C) trademarking.
D) copyrighting.
E) licensing.

F) C) and E)
G) A) and E)

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Identify and describe the stages of the generalized product life cycle.For each stage, specify the marketing objective a firm should attempt to achieve.

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Introduction Stage: occurs when new prod...

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Which of the following statements regarding the maturity stage of the product life cycle is most accurate?


A) Marketing emphasis is directed towards creating more consumer awareness.
B) Marketing emphasis switches to finding more channel intermediaries to carry the product.
C) Marketing emphasis aims at stimulating selective demand for the product.
D) Marketing attention is directed toward holding market share through further product differentiation and finding new buyers.
E) Marketing emphasis is directed towards having salespeople allocate more time in selling the product.

F) C) and D)
G) A) and D)

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Toro makes Toro snow blowers, Toro lawn mowers, Toro garden hoses, and Toro sprinkler systems.Toro is using a __________ branding strategy.


A) multibranding
B) family branding
C) co-branding
D) dual branding
E) mixed branding

F) None of the above
G) A) and D)

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The Dell EC 280 is a small desktop computer that uses less electrical power, has a Celeron processor, and is targeted to the less affluent, very large, Chinese market that has never owned a computer.It was introduced at a price of $340 for a basic setup.Dell is using which pricing strategy in this example?


A) penetration pricing
B) cost-plus pricing
C) ROI pricing
D) market-oriented pricing
E) skimming pricing

F) None of the above
G) B) and C)

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An additional benefit of a Phillies special promotions night is that not only does it boost overall attendance, it


A) generates first-time visits by people who have never seen a Major League Baseball game.
B) generates corporate sponsorship from new companies interested in offering a promotion.
C) helps regulate local traffic since people arrive early to be sure they get the free gift.
D) helps keep children quiet during the game since they're playing with their free gift and not bothering their parents or other game attendees.
E) creates a heightened sense of excitement and anticipation for the game.

F) A) and C)
G) None of the above

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Private branding refers to


A) a strategy where products are given no identifying names other than a description of its contents.
B) a branding strategy used when a company manufactures products but sells them under the brand name of a wholesaler or retailer.
C) a branding strategy in which a company uses one name for all of its products.
D) a contractual agreement whereby a company allows someone else to use its brand name and usually requires that the product be made to its specifications.
E) a branding strategy for unique, high-priced items that carry the name of the person or firm for whom it was produced.

F) A) and C)
G) A) and D)

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FIGURE 11-6 FIGURE 11-6   -The consumers represented by  B  in Figure 11-6 above are called _________. A) innovators B) late majority C) early majority D) early adopters E) laggards -The consumers represented by "B" in Figure 11-6 above are called _________.


A) innovators
B) late majority
C) early majority
D) early adopters
E) laggards

F) C) and D)
G) B) and D)

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Commuters in New York have often installed devices on their cars that can be read automatically as they approach a tollbooth.This saves time, improves traffic flow, and means drivers don't need to keep suitable change in the car.It also offers New York authorities the opportunity to manage traffic flow by charging different toll amounts for different times of day.Commuters in New York are experiencing


A) price gouging.
B) competitive pricing.
C) off-peak pricing.
D) internal marketing.
E) external marketing.

F) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

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Identify and describe the four branding strategies used by product managers.

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Product managers use the following brand...

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Which of the following statements regarding Gatorade's branding is most accurate?


A) Gatorade uses the same formula for all its products and simply changes their brand name.
B) Gatorade's success can be attributed to their decision to find one channel of distribution and to stay with it.
C) Gatorade changed its color, packaging, and size choices in the domestic market so they would not have to enter the global market.
D) Gatorade produces many variations of its products under different brands; it only uses the Gatorade name on its beverages.
E) Gatorade has changed its product, its product packaging, its market, and its advertising to keep the product and company profitable.

F) A) and C)
G) None of the above

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An integral part of the package that typically identifies the product or brand, who made it, where and when it was made, how it is to be used, and package contents and ingredients is referred to as a(n) _________.


A) stock keeping unit
B) proof of purchase
C) liability disclaimer
D) product information panel
E) label

F) A) and E)
G) All of the above

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Free samples are one of the most popular means to gain consumer trial.In fact most consumers consider a sample _________.


A) to simulate laggard usage of the product
B) to be the best way to evaluate a new product
C) to be faster than purchasing the product
D) to be safer than purchasing the product
E) to circumvent the typical adoption cycle

F) All of the above
G) D) and E)

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A patent gives a manufacturer of goods exclusive rights to its production for 17 years.A major difference between products and services is that


A) services can be patented for the life of the creator.
B) services can be patented for 21 years.
C) services can be patented only for 10 years.
D) services cannot be patented.
E) there is no need to patent services.

F) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

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A concept that describes the stages a new product goes through in the marketplace-introduction, growth, maturity, and decline is referred to as


A) the retail life cycle.
B) the product life cycle.
C) the marketing mix.
D) the product growth cycle.
E) product commercialization.

F) B) and E)
G) A) and C)

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There are several reasons why a consumer would be reluctant to purchase a new product.One example would be a usage barrier.A usage barrier occurs when


A) there is no incentive to change.
B) there are physical, economic, or social risks.
C) there are cultural differences.
D) the financial commitment is too great.
E) the product is not compatible with existing habits.

F) A) and C)
G) C) and E)

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