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Figure 11-2 above represents the stages of the product life cycle.What does the curve labeled "A" represent in this graphic?


A) total variable costs
B) total fixed costs
C) total industry profit
D) total industry revenue
E) total research and development costs

F) A) and C)
G) None of the above

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Generally, the average length of time it takes for a product category to move from the introduction stage of its product life cycle to the decline stage is


A) 18 months.
B) 5-10 years.
C) 20 years.
D) 30 years.
E) unpredictable.

F) B) and C)
G) B) and E)

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Product modification refers to


A) strategies that alter a product's characteristic such as its quality, performance, or appearance to increase the product's value to customers and increase sales.
B) a strategy for managing a product's life cycle that attempts to increase a product's use among existing customers, create new use situations, or find new customers markets.
C) a strategy in which a company tries to find new customers and increase a product's use among users who "strayed" but will return again.
D) a strategy whereby a firm drops its lowest producing market segment and replaces it with an entirely new target market.
E) a strategy of blending the lowest producing market segments into one new target market in order to enjoy marketing economies of scale.

F) C) and E)
G) A) and E)

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FIGURE 11-10 FIGURE 11-10   -Companies can employ several different branding strategies.In Figure 11-10 above,  A  represents __________ branding strategy. A) retailer B) multiproduct C) multibranding D) private E) mixed -Companies can employ several different branding strategies.In Figure 11-10 above, "A" represents __________ branding strategy.


A) retailer
B) multiproduct
C) multibranding
D) private
E) mixed

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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Combining a corporate brand with a new brand is referred to as


A) subbranding.
B) multiproduct branding.
C) mixed branding.
D) generic branding.
E) family branding.

F) D) and E)
G) B) and E)

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A few years ago Who Wants to Be a Millionaire premiered as the first nighttime game show in a couple of decades.Once the show became a hit and televised several nights a week, other networks quickly created their own version of what they hoped to be a successful game show format.Greed and Twenty-One are the names of but two of the new shows that were created to compete with Who Wants to Be a Millionaire.At this point in time the nighttime televised game show genre entered which stage of its product life cycle?


A) growth stage
B) decline stage
C) commercialization stage
D) maturity stage
E) introduction stage

F) C) and E)
G) D) and E)

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FIGURE 11-10 FIGURE 11-10   -Companies can employ several different branding strategies.In Figure 11-10 above,  D  represents _________ branding strategy. A) retailer B) multiproduct C) multibranding D) private E) mixed -Companies can employ several different branding strategies.In Figure 11-10 above, "D" represents _________ branding strategy.


A) retailer
B) multiproduct
C) multibranding
D) private
E) mixed

F) A) and D)
G) C) and D)

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A branding strategy that involves giving each product a distinct name when each brand is intended for a different market segment is referred to as __________.


A) generic
B) multibranding
C) mixed branding
D) private branding
E) multiproduct branding

F) C) and E)
G) A) and B)

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The Phillies segment their fans primarily upon what basis?


A) location
B) interests
C) income
D) occupation
E) age

F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

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Market modification refers to


A) strategies that alter a product's characteristics, such as its quality, performance, or appearance, to increase the product's value to customers and increase sales.
B) a strategy for managing a product's life cycle that attempts to increase a product's use among existing customers, create new use situations, or find new customers markets.
C) a strategy in which a company tries to find new customers and increase a product's use among users who "strayed" but will return again.
D) a strategy whereby a firm drops its lowest producing market segment and replaces it with an entirely new target market.
E) a strategy of blending the lowest producing market segments into one new target market in order to enjoy marketing economies of scale.

F) B) and D)
G) A) and D)

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Products such as Yoplait's Go-GURT β†’\rarr portable low fat yogurt in a tube demonstrate the importance of _________ in packaging.


A) convenience
B) communication benefits
C) functional benefits
D) technology
E) renewable resources

F) A) and D)
G) C) and E)

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Which of the following is an example of a product in the maturity stage of the product life cycle?


A) digital cameras
B) hybrid vehicles
C) 3D HDTV
D) soft drinks
E) digital music players

F) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

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Figure 11-6 above shows five categories and profiles of product adopters.Leaders in social setting, and have slightly above average education are called _________ and would be found in cell _________.


A) innovators, A
B) early adopters, B
C) early majority, C
D) late majority, D
E) laggards, E

F) A) and C)
G) A) and D)

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Explain the difference between primary demand and selective demand.

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Primary demand is a desire for...

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One type of television show is the category called reality shows.According to the product life cycle, what was the objective of the marketers of these reality shows when they were in the introduction stage of the product life cycle?


A) gain awareness and stimulate the target market to watch
B) stress differentiation from other forms of entertainment
C) gain as much distribution as possible to local TV stations
D) reveal a marketing niche for that particular show
E) maintain loyalty of the viewers

F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

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Originally intended as a single pant for every situation, Dockers, the U.S.market leader in casual pants now promotes different looks for different usage situations work, weekend, dress, and golf.Dockers new strategy is designed to


A) create brand awareness.
B) create a new use situation.
C) increase a product's use.
D) find new customers.
E) lower surplus inventory levels.

F) A) and E)
G) B) and C)

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Twenty years ago, the Mississippi Gulf Coast was a nice place to vacation with a white sandy beach, golfing opportunities, resort hotels, and good seafood restaurants.With the addition of casinos, the Gulf Coast improved its odds of being a tourist destination for more travelers.This is an example of


A) a market-product strategy.
B) diversification.
C) market modification.
D) product modification.
E) product repositioning.

F) B) and C)
G) B) and E)

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When selecting a brand name it is recommended that the name suggests product features; be memorable; have no legal or regulatory restrictions; be distinctive and positive; fit the company or product image; be simple and emotional and


A) be humorous or mysterious.
B) easy to spell and pronounce.
C) contain no hidden meanings.
D) suggest an air of mystery.
E) be memorable, distinctive, and positive.

F) C) and E)
G) A) and B)

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FIGURE 11-1 FIGURE 11-1   -The stage in the product life cycle labeled  D  in Figure 11-1 above is called A) introduction. B) maturity. C) growth. D) diversification. E) decline. -The stage in the product life cycle labeled "D" in Figure 11-1 above is called


A) introduction.
B) maturity.
C) growth.
D) diversification.
E) decline.

F) B) and D)
G) A) and D)

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The chief purpose of __________ is to confront competitor brands.


A) co-brands
B) private brands
C) fighting brands
D) brand extension
E) subbrands

F) C) and E)
G) A) and B)

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