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An increase in interest rates:


A) decreases aggregate demand, slowing economic activity.
B) decreases aggregate demand, increasing economic activity.
C) increases aggregate demand, slowing economic activity.
D) increases aggregate demand, increasing economic activity.

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

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The Federal Reserve System consists of 12 ___________ and 7 ______________.


A) regional banks; Board of Governor's members
B) Board of Governor's members; regional banks
C) regional banks; member banks
D) member banks; regional banks

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

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M1 is considered ___________ measure of money compared to M2.


A) a more legitimate
B) a less legitimate
C) just as legitimate a
D) a more stable

E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

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The goal of contractionary monetary policy is to:


A) reduce interest rates to stimulate the economy.
B) increase interest rates to stimulate the economy.
C) reduce interest rates to slow down the economy.
D) increase interest rates to slow down the economy.

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

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The cash that a bank keeps in its vault is called its:


A) reserves.
B) deposits.
C) loans.
D) savings.

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

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If money has intrinsic value, it has value:


A) unrelated to its use as money.
B) only as its use as money.
C) that sets its value as money.
D) based on how often people use it for payment.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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The Board of Governors:


A) are experts in banking, finance, and monetary policy.
B) are appointed by the U.S. president and confirmed by the Senate to 14 year terms.
C) Both these are true.
D) Neither of these are true.

E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

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Central banks:


A) exist in almost every major nation.
B) are common only to industrialized nations.
C) in the United States oversee the U.S. economy, as well as some developing nations who do not have a central bank.
D) stopped being used after events like the Great Depression proved them useless.

E) None of the above
F) All of the above

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If the money multiplier is approximated to be 4, then the reserve ratio must be:


A) 25 percent.
B) 2.5 percent.
C) 5 percent.
D) 4 percent.

E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

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The Federal Open Market Committee includes:


A) the Board of Governors.
B) all regional bank presidents.
C) the Chairman of the Treasury.
D) the Secretary of State.

E) None of the above
F) All of the above

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Which of the following tools is used most often by the Fed for changing the supply of money?


A) Open market operations
B) Reserve requirement
C) Discount window
D) Interest rate

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

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If the money supply in the economy were at MS2, and the Federal Reserve Bank used open market operations to move money supply to MS3, the overall direct result in the economy would be: If the money supply in the economy were at MS2, and the Federal Reserve Bank used open market operations to move money supply to MS3, the overall direct result in the economy would be:   A)  Aggregate demand shifted in, causing GDP to fall. B)  Aggregate supply shifted in, causing GDP to fall. C)  Aggregate demand shifted out, causing GDP to rise D)  LRAS move to the FE level of output.


A) Aggregate demand shifted in, causing GDP to fall.
B) Aggregate supply shifted in, causing GDP to fall.
C) Aggregate demand shifted out, causing GDP to rise
D) LRAS move to the FE level of output.

E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

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Giving the Fed a high degree of independence means all but:


A) the Fed governors will not be as tempted by political pressure.
B) it is less likely to expand the money supply simply to make it cheaper for the government to repay its debt.
C) technocrats-rather than politicians-are in charge, which tends to increase people's trust in the stability of the dollar.
D) The federal government will not have to borrow to finance its budget deficit.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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